ULMACEAE 365 
Leaf-blades of an ovate type.! 
Twigs glabrous. 1. C. occidentalis. 
Twigs puberulent. 
Leaf-blades green beneath, glabrous or slightly pubescent. 
Mature drupes 7-10 mm. in diameter. 
Leaf-blades barely reticulated : species of the middle and eastern 
United States. 2. C. crassifolia. 
Leaf-blades conspicuously reticulated: western species. 3. C. reticulata. 
Mature drupes 5-7 mm. in diameter. 4. C. Georgiana. 
Leaí-blades gray beneath and subtomentose. 5. C. Helleri. 
Leaf-blades of a lanceolate type. 
Leaf-blades entire or nearly so. 6. C. Mississippiensis. 
Leaf-blades sharply serrate. 7. C. Smallit. 
1l. Celtis occidentàlis L. A tree, sometimes reaching a height of 40 m., with a trunk 
diameter of 1 m., the twigs glabrous.  Leaf-blades ovate or rarely oblong-ovate, 5-15 cm. 
long, usually abruptly acuminate, sharply serrate except at the oblique, truncate or cordate 
base, smooth or nearly so above, short-petioled : drupes subglobose or globose, 7-10 mm. in 
diameter, orange, purple or nearly black when mature. 
* On river banks and in rich soil, Quebec to Manitoba, North Carolina, Alabama and Kansas. 
2. Celtis crassifélia Lam. A shrub or tree, with puberulent twigs. Leaf-blades 
ovate, firm in texture, 3-12 cm. long, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, often truncate 
or cordate at the base, usually serrate to near the apex, pubescent, scabrous on the upper 
surface, short-petioled : drupes 7-10 mm. in diameter, red-purple or nearly black at matur- 
ity, oval or subglobose. 
In dry or stony soil, New York to Kansas, South Carolina and Tennessee. 
3. Celtis reticulata Torr. A small tree 3-15 m. tall, with pubescent twigs and foliage, 
the bark blue-gray, smooth or with high corky warts. Leaf-blades ovate, 3-7 cm. long, 
obtuse or acuminate, more or less revolute, entire or serrate, very scabrous above, pubes- 
cent and very prominently rugose-nerved beneath, truncate or cordate at the oblique base ; 
petioles 4-10 mm. long, pubescent: drupes globose, 7-10 mm. in diameter, orange-red. 
In rocky places, southern Colorado to Texas and Arizona. 
4. Celtis Georgiana Small. A diffuse shrub or small tree, with slender, often pin- 
nately arranged branches, the leafy twigs pubescent. Leaf-blades ovate, 2-5 cm. long, 
acute or short-acuminate, entire or sharply serrate above the middle, inequilateral, rounded 
or truncate at the oblique base, scabrous and sometimes sparingly pubescent on the upper 
surface ; petioles short, pubescent : pedicels short, often not longer than the diameter of the 
fruit : drupes globose or subglobose, 5-7 mm. in diameter, red-purple or tan-color. 
In rocky places and along streams, Maryland and Missouri to Georgia, Florida and Alabama. 
5. Celtis Hélleri Small. A much-branched wide-spreading tree, sometimes 10 m. 
tall, with a maximum trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the bark of the trunk and main branches 
with numerous corky warts. Leaves rather firm ; blades ovate to oblong, 4-7 cm. long, 
obtuse or acute, crenate-serrate, especially above the middle, rounded or subcordate at the 
base, deep green and scabrous-pubescent above, pale and tomentose beneath, slightly in- 
equilateral, oblique at the base ; petioles stout, 3-4 mm. long, tomentose : pedicels sparingly 
pubescent, curved, 1-1.5 cm. long: drupes subglobose, 7-9 dm. in diameter, light brown, 
tea smooth and shining: seeds globose, strongly 4-ribbed, prominently retic- 
ulated. 
In dry grounds, southern Texas. 
6. Celtis Mississippiénsis Bosc. A large tree, reaching a height of 30 m., with a 
maximum trunk diameter of about 1 m., the bark light gray, usually covered with high 
corky warts. Leaf-blades lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-12 cm. long, 
long-acuminate at the apex, entire or nearly so, rounded, truncate or subcordate at the 
oblique base, dark green and smooth above, pale beneath ; petioles 4-10 mm. long : pedicels 
slender, 1-2 em. long: drupes globose or globose-ovoid, £-7 mm. in diameter, purple-black 
or orange-red. 
Mostly along streams, Indiana and Illinois to Texas and Florida. 
. 7. Celtis Smállii Beadle. A tree usually smaller than C. Mississippiensis. Leaf-blades 
thin, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, acuminate, sometimes with conspic- 
uously elongated tips, sharply and irregularly serrate, wedge-shaped or rounded at the base, 
delicately but usually conspicuously veined, slender-petioled : pedicels slender, mostly 
longer than the petioles : drupes subglobose, 5-7 mm. in diameter. 
Sandy or rocky soil, North Carolina and Tennessee to Georgia and Alabama. 
Se ge ee 
' Key and descriptions revised by Mr. C. D. Beadle. 
