408 ALLIONIACEAE 
4-lobed. Stamens 4, exserted: filaments very slender. Ovary l-celled : style filiform : 
stigma capitate. Fruit leathery, with a firm margin-like wing, smooth on one side, with 
two rows of tubercles on the other. Seed filling the pericarp to which its testa adheres. 
Endosperm mealy. 
1. Wedelia incarnata L. Foliage viscid-pubescent. Stem more or less diffusely 
branched at the base, the branches prostrate, 1-5 dm. long, forking: leaf-blades thickish, 
ovate to oblong, 1-3 cm. long, obtuse or acute, undulate ; petioles slender, those on the 
lower part of the plant often longer than the blades, those above shorter: bracts of the 
involucre oval or orbicular, 4-6 mm. long, concave, reticulated, ciliate : calyx rose to white, 
5-6 mm. long; lobes emarginate : stamens shorter than the calyx : fruit 3-4 mm. long. 
In valleys, Texas to Arizona and Mexico. Also through tropical America to South America. 
Spring to fall. 
4. NYCTAGINIA Chois. 
Annual depressed glandular-hirsute herbs, with forking stems. Leaves opposite: 
blades shallowly toothed, more or less triangular in outline, petioled. Flowers pink or red, 
many in the many-bracted involucre, which is not acerescent. Calyx slender: tube elon- 
gated, constricted above the ovary : limb spreading, 5-lobed, deciduous. Stamens 5, unequal 
in length : filaments very slender, pubescent, dilated and united below. Style very slender: 
stigma capitate. Fruit leathery, many-ribbed, top-shaped. Seed filling the pericarp to 
which it adheres. Endosperm mealy. 
1. Nyctaginia capitata Chois. Foliage viscid-pubescent. Stemerect or decumbent, 
3-7 dm. long, simple or branched at the base, forking above: leaf-blades thick, ovate to 
triangular, usually acuminate, undulate, rounded, truncate or subcordate at the base, 
bracts of the involucre 8-12, linear-lanceolate, 10-20 mm. long, acuminate: flowers 8-15 
in an involucre: calyx red, villous with glandular hairs without, 2.5-3 cm. long: fruit 
turbinate, 5-6 mm. long, many-ribbed. 
In dry soil, Texas and New Mexico to Mexico. Spring to fall. 
5. ABRONIA Juss. 
Annual or perennial viscid-pubescent herbs, with forking stems. Leaves opposite: 
blades unequal, thick, entire, petioled. Flowers usually numerous, in many-bracted in- 
volucres. Involucres not accrescent. Calyx colored: tube elongated, constricted above 
the ovary: limb spreading, 5-lobed, deciduous. Stamens 3-5, unequal in length: fila- 
ments very slender. Style filiform: stigma elongated. Fruit leathery, ribbed or winged. 
Seed filling the pericarp to which it adheres. Endosperm mealy. 
Annual: fruit 2-2.5 em. broad, with 2-4 suborbicular or oval wings. 1. A. cycloptera. 
Perennial: fruit 5-6 mm. broad, obpyramidal, with 4 wing-like ridges. 2. A. fragrans. 
1. Abronia cyclóptera A. Gray. Annual, stoutish, glabrous below, viscid-pubescent 
above. Stem erect or ascending, 2-6 dm. long, sparingly branched : leaf-blades oblong, 
oval or ovate, obtuse or acutish at the apex, undulate, rounded or acutish at the base; 
petioles as long as the blades or shorter: bracts of the involucre lanceolate or ovate-lanceo- 
late, acute: flowers crowded in a head : calyx bright pink, about 2 em. long ; tube gradually 
enlarged upward: fruit conspicuous, 2-2.5 em. broad, the 2-4 thin membranous wings 
sharply nerved, completely surrounding the achene, suborbicular to oval in outline. 
In dry places, Texas to New Mexico. Summer. 
2. Abronia fragrans Nutt. Perennial, viscid-pubescent. Stem erect or decumbent, 
3-8 dm. long, more or less branched : leaf-blades oblong, oval or ovate, 5-10 cm. long, 
rounded at both ends or rarely acute ; petioles as long as the blades or shorter : bracts of 
the involucre membranous, white, ovate to obovate: flowers fragrant, nocturnal, numer- 
ous in each involucre : calyx white, 1-2 cm. long; tube gradually enlarged upward : fruit 
nearly 1 em. long, minutely pubescent, resembling the mature calyx of Physalis but m- 
verted, 5-winged, the wings not prolonged over the top, coarsely wrinkled. 
In dry soil, Montana to Nebraska, Texas and Mexico. Summer. 
6. ACLEISANTHES A. Gray. 
Perennial pubescent herbs or shrubby plants, with forking stems. Leaves opposite, 
thick: blades unequal, entire, petioled. Flowers often solitary, subtended by minute 
bracts, axillary or terminal. Calyx white: tube elongated, constricted above the ovary : 
