442 RANUNCULACEAE 
** Plants not stoloniferous: foliage copiously pubes- 
cent, except sometimes in age. 
Stems with silky or appressed pubescence. 
Achenes flattened, with persistent subulate 
styles. 16. R. fascicularis. 
Achenes tumid, with deciduous filiform styles. 17. R. apricus. 
Stems with spreading pubescence. . 
Achenes narrowly margined: style subulate, 
about as long as the achene-body. 18. R. hispidus. 
Achenes broadly margined: style triangular, 
about 14 as long as the achene-body. 19. R. cuneiformis. 
b. Corollas 3 em. broad or larger: petals 7-16: head of 
fruit oblong or cylindric. 20. R. macranthus. 
B. Achenes variously roughened. 
Achenes more or less papillose ; beak minute. 
Corollas 2-3 em. broad : achenes sparingly papillose near the edges. 21. R. parvulus. 
Corollas 2-5 mm. broad : achenes papillose all over. 22. R. parviflorus. 
Achenes muricate or spiny; beak about 14 as long as the body. 23. R. muricatus. 
1. Ranunculus delphinifdlius Torr. Aquatic or partly emersed. Foliage glabrous 
or pubescent : stems branching, sometimes several dm. long : submersed leaf-blades short- 
etioled, 2.5-7.5 cm. long, repeatedly divided into capillary segments; emersed leaf- 
lades 1.5-5 cm. broad, petioled or the upper nearly sessile, 3-5-divided, the divisions 
cleft into linear or cuneate segments: corolla yellow, 18-36 mm. broad: petals 5-8, much 
longer than the sepals: head of fruit globose or oblong, 6-10 mm. long: achenes less than 
2 mm. long, callous-margined, each tipped with a straight persistent beak 3 its length or 
more. [Ranunculus multifidus Pursh, not Forsk.] 
In ponds, Massachusetts and Ontario to Michigan, North Carolina and Missouri. Summer. 
2. Ranunculus téner Mohr. Foliage glabrous. Stems ascending or erect, 0.5-6 dm. 
tall, more or less branched, often tufted, rarely rooting: basal leaves few ; blades ovate to 
ovate-lanceolate, 1-2 cm. long, entire or undulate, slender-petioled ; stem-leaves conspicu- 
ously different from the basal, the blades oblong, lanceolate or linear, undulate, repand or 
denticulate: flowers inconspicuous, slender-pedicelled : petals 1-3 or rarely 5, yellow, 
1-1.5 mm. long: stamens 5-10: head of fruit oblong-cylindrie, 3-4 mm. long: achenes 
suborbicular, lenticular but swollen, 0.6-0.8 mm. long, slightly margined, the faces mi- 
nutely tuberculate. 
In low grounds, Alabama to Louisiana and Texas. Spring. 
3. Ranunculus pusíllus Poir. Foliage glabrous. Stems slender, weak, branching, 
1.5-3 dm. high: leaf-blades entire or denticulate, the lower oblong or ovate, on long 
petioles, the upper narrower, lanceolate or linear, short-petioled or sessile : corolla yellow, 
4-6 mm. broad: petals few, often barely exceeding the sepals in length: stamens 1-10: 
head of fruit, globose, 4 mm. broad: achenes fully 1 mm. long, beakless, each merely 
tipped with the persistent style-base. 
In marshes, southern New York and Pennsylvania, mostly near the coast, to Florida and through 
the Gulf States to Texas and Missouri. Spring and early summer.—The smali form of the southern 
border of the United States with more prominently papillose achenes, is R. pusillus Lindheimert 
(Engelm.) A. Gray. 
4. Ranunculus oblongifdlius Ell. Foliage glabrous or pubescent. Stems branched 
above, erect or ascending, 2-5 dm. high : leaf-blades entire or denticulate, mainly oblong 
or oblong-lanceolate, 2-7.5 em. long, the lower on long petioles, the upper narrower, lanceo- 
late or linear: corolla yellow, 10-12 mm. broad : petals 5, much exceeding the sepals: 
stamens numerous: head of fruit 4 mm. broad : achenes beakless, each merely tipped with. 
the style-base. : 
In swamps, Virginia to southern Illinois and Missouri, Florida and Texas. Spring and summer. 
5. Ranunculus obtusiüsculus Raf. Foliage glabrous. Stems stout, hollow, 3-9 
dm. long, ascending, rooting from the lower nodes, sometimes nearly 2.5 cm. thick at the 
base : leaf-blades linear or lanceolate, 8-15 cm. long, dentieulate or entire, all but the 
uppermost on broad petioles, each clasping the stem by a broad base: corolla yellow, 12- 
16 mm. broad, or smaller: petals 5-7, much exceeding the sepals : head of fruit globose or 
slightly elongated, 10-12 mm. in diameter : achenes compressed, 1 mm. long, subulate- 
beaked, but the beak early deciduous. [Ranunculus ambigens S. Wats. ] 
In marshes, Maine and Ontario to Minnesota, Georgia and Missouri. Summer. 
6. Ranunculus Harveyi (A. Gray) Britton. Foliage glabrous. Stems erect, 
slender, branched, 1.5-5 dm. tall: leaf-blades thin, those of basal and lower stem-leaves 
long-petioled, reniform or suborbicular, obtusely crenate or somewhat lobed, 1- 2cm. wide, 
cordate, or some of them truncate at the base, those of the upper stem-leaves sessile or 
nearly so, deeply 3-cleft or 3-parted into linear or narrowly oblong entire or few-toothed 
obtuse segments : corolla bright yellow, 12-18 mm. broad : petals 4-8, oblong, 4-5 times as 
