MAGNOLIACEAE 451 
1. Schizandra coccinea Michx. A slender high climbing shrub. Stem twining, 
several m. long: leaf-blades membranous, oval, elliptic or ovate, 5-15 cm. long, short-acu- 
minate, acute or obtuse, undulate or shallowly toothed, acute or subcordate at the base, 
labrous or sparingly pubescent beneath ; petioles slightly winged, about 3 as long as the 
lades : peduncles 3-7 cm. long, naked : sepals oval or broadly ovate, 2-5 cm. long, ob- 
tuse, erose: corollas 12-20 cm. broad: petals obovate-cuneate, longer than the sepals, 
rounded or truncate at the apex, mostly crimson, each with a thickened claw: filaments 
united into a broad disk: carpels inserted on a cylindric receptacle, imbricated in several 
series: fruiting spike 4-7 cm. long: berries oval, about 1 em. long, red. 
In woods, South Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. Spring and summer. 
3. TULIPASTRUM Spach. 
Stately trees, often with much elongated trunks. Leaves alternate, not disposed in 
umbrella-like clusters, deciduous: blades membranous, relatively small, entire, slender- 
petioled. Flowers perfect, erect, greenish, yellowish or canary-yellow, relatively small. 
Sepals green, deciduous. Petals much larger than the sepals, curved, commonly 6 or 
fewer. Stamens numerous: anthers introrse. Carpels several or numerous, glabrous, in 
many series. Styles or stigmas filiform, deciduous. Ovules 2 in each cavity. Fruita 
relatively small narrow torulose cone, the carpels rounded. Seeds pendulous from the 
follicles. CuUCUMBER-TREE. WaunHoo. ELK-woop. 
Leaf-blades rhombic-obovate : flowers canary-yellow. 1. T. cordatum. 
Leaf-blades elliptic or oval varying to ovate or rarely obovate : flowers greenish yellow. 2. T. acuminatum. 
1. Tulipastrum cordàtum (Michx.) Small. A tree, reaching a height of 20 m., with 
a trunk diameter of about 1 m., the buds, shoots and young leaves silky-pubescent.  Leaf- 
blades rhombic-ovate or rhombic-oval, 1-2 dm. long, usually acute, undulate, truncate or 
cordate at the base, sparingly pubescent on both surfaces; petioles 1-2 cm. long: flowers 
campanulate, canary-yellow : sepals ovate or oblong-obvate, about 2 cm. long, obtuse: 
petals obovate or obovate-oblanceolate, 4-5 em. long, rounded at the apex, more or less 
glaucous: fruit oblong, 2-5 em. long. [Magnolia cordata Michx.] 
In woods, on the mountains, North Carolina to Georgia. Spring. 
2. Tulipastrum acuminàtum (L.) Small. A forest tree, sometimes 30 m. in height 
and 1.5 m. in diameter, the bark furrowed. Leaf-blades elliptic or oval, varying to 
ovate or obovate, 1.5-3 dm. long, short-acuminate at the apex, undulate, acute or cordate 
at the base, silky when young, finally glabrous above, sparingly pubescent beneath ; petioles 
2-4 em. long: flowers campanulate, greenish or yellowish : sepals oblong or oblong-lan- 
ceolate, about 2 cm. long, obtuse, spreading or reflexed: petals oblong or oblanceolate, 
5-7 cm. long, glaucous, obtuse: fruit oblong or nearly so, 4-6 cm. long, often curved, 
often very irregular. [Magnolia acuminata L.] 
In woods, Ontario to Illinois, Georgia and Arkansas. Spring. 
4. MAGNOLIA L. 
Handsome, sometimes evergreen, trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, or apparently 
whorled at the ends of branches : blades membranous or leathery, short-petioled, entire, oc- 
casionally auricled at the bas e: stipules membranous. Flowers perfect, white, often showy, 
fragrant or ill-scented, solitary at the ends of branches. Sepals 3, petaloid, spreading or 
reflexed, deciduous. Petals 6-12, imbricated in 2-4 series, slightly spreading, or erect and 
converging. Stamens numerous, imbricated in many series at the base of the receptacle ; 
filaments short and stout, the connective produced beyond the anthers: anthers introrse, 
adnate to the inner side of the filament. Carpels numerous, imbricated in many series on 
the elongated receptacle. Style persistent. Ovules 2 in each cavity, anatropous, pendu- 
lous or horizontal. Fruit a variously shaped cone of imbricated more or less united 
fleshy follicles, these tipped by the style or stigma. Seeds 2 in each follicle, each with a 
pulpy scarlet testa, at length pendulous on a thread. 
[eat blades thick-leathery, very thick, persistent, brown or rusty-tomentose beneath. 1. M. foetida. 
à rage a cms sometimes firm, usually deciduous, glabrous, glaucous or 
Leaf-blades not auricled at the base. 
Leaf-blades oblong, elliptic or oval, rarely broadest below the middle, 5-15 em. : 
long, firm : fruit 3-5 em. long. 2. M. Virginiana. 
Leaf-blades elliptic-oblanceolate or obovate-oblanceolate, 2-6 dm. long, mem- 
branous: fruit 6-9 cm. long. 3. M. tripetala. 
