ROSACEAE 519 
cuneate or obovate-cuneate, 1.5-2 cm. long: fruit subglobose, or oval, 1-1.5 cm. high, 
rather dry, black. 
In dry woods or rocky soil, Maine to New York and Georgia. Spring. 
20. Rubus hispidus L. A slender bristly or prickly shrub, with trailing stems, the 
branches erect or ascending, 1-3 dm. tall. Leaves relatively few, mostly 3-foliolate: blades 
of the leaflets rather leathery, 1-4 cm. long, usually obtuse at the apex, unequally serrate, 
the terminal one narrowly or broadly cuneate, the lateral ones oval or suborbicular varying 
to ovate or obovate: flowers solitary, or a few in corymbs : petals white or pinkish, spatu- 
late to cuneate-obovate, 5-8 mm. long: fruit of few drupelets about 1 cm. in diameter, 
black, sour. 
In woods, thickets or damp places, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Georgia and Kansas. Spring and 
summer. 
21. Rubus carpinifodlius Rydb. A slender trailing shrubby vine, with bristly and 
weak-prickly stems, the flowering branches 2-3 dm. long, armed with flatter and more re- 
curved prickles than the stem, the lower leaves 5-foliolate, the upper 3-foliolate : blades 
of the leaflets very thin, the terminal one oblong to elliptic-oblong, 4-6 cm. long, somewhat 
longer than the lateral ones, the lateral ones ovate to cuneate, all glabrous, rather coarsely 
and mostly doubly serrate with ovate teeth: inflorescence few-flowered, the peduncles elon- 
gated: corolla about 2.5 cm. broad: fruit oblong, about 1.5 cm. long. 
In dry soil, Arkansas and Louisiana. Spring. 
22. Rubus trivialis Michx. An evergreen trailing or procumbent shrub, with 
prickle-armed and more or less bristly stems 1-2 m. long, the flowering branches erect, usu- 
ally 2-10 cm. tall, the prickles hooked. Leaves often numerous, 3-foliolate or rarely 5- 
foliolate: blades of the leaflets thickish, elliptic or oval, or sometimes ovate-lanceolate, 
sharply serrate, the terminal one often cuneate at the base : flowers usually solitary : sepals 
ovate to oval or lanceolate: petals white, broadly or narrowly obovate, 10-12 mm. long: 
fruit oblong, 2.5 em. long, black, sweet and juicy. 
In sandy soil, Virginia south to Florida and Texas. Spring. 
23. Rubus persístens Rydb. Similar to R. trivialis in habit, but the flowering 
branches more leafy and terminated by several-flowered corymbs, the stems prickle-armed, 
the prickles somewhat flattened and more or less recurved. Leaves 3-foliolate : blades of the 
leaflets thickish, the terminal ones cuneate, oblong-obovate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-4 
em. long, all glabrous or sparingly pubescent about the veins beneath, serrate or slightly 
incised-serrate: flowering branches armed like the stem, terminated by several-flowered 
corymbs : corolla 2-2.5 em. broad : fruit oblong. 
In sandy soil, South Carolina to Florida and Mississippi. Spring. 
24. Rubus rubrisétus Rydb. An evergreen shrub, the stems trailing, 6-12 dm. 
long, prickly and densely clothed with red or purplish bristles. Leaves 5-foliolate or on 
flowering branches sometimes 3-foliolate: blades of the leaflets thick, obovate or oval, 2-6 
cm. long, acute or acuminate, smooth and shining, dentate with broad teeth : inflorescence 
bristly and prickly : flowers 3-7 in each corymb: sepals ovate, with short subulate tips: 
corolla 1.5-2.5 em. wide. 
In sandy soil, Missouri to Louisiana. Winter and spring. 
7. DRYMOCALLIS Fourr. 
: Perennial caulescent herbs, with villous or viscid foliage. Leaves alternate: blades 
pinnate. Flowers in irregular cymes. Hypanthium nearly flat. Sepals 5, accompanied 
by bractlets. Corolla yellow or white. Petals not notched. Stamens 20-30, in 5 clusters 
on the thickened margin of the 5-angled disk around the hemispneric receptacle. Pistils 
numerous: style basal, usually thickened near the middle. Seed orthotropous, ascending 
from its attachment near the base of the style. 
.,, l. Drymocallis argüta (Pursh) Rydb. Stems stout, 3-10 dm. tall, glandular and 
villous. Basal leaves with pinnately 7-11-foliolate blades ; leaflets ovate, oval or rhombic, 
obtuse and sharply incised-serrate, the terminal one cuneate at the base: stem-leaves 
much reduced: flowers in dense cymes: sepals ovate, acute: corolla white, 10-18 mm. 
broad : achenes glabrous. 
a or rocky hills, New Brunswick to the Rocky Mountain region, Tennessee and Kansas. 
Summ 
8. SIBBALDIOPSIS Rydb. 
Low perennial caulescent shrubby plants, with horizontal rootstocks and short caudices. 
Leaves alternate: blades 3-foliolate, petioled : leaflets leathery, the blades broadened up- 
