CASSIACEAE 589 
late-turbinate tube. Petals 3-5, nearly equal. Receptacle very small. Stamens 6-10, 
longer than the petals: filaments distinct: anthers uniform in size, opening lengthwise, 
Pod elliptic or elongated, flattened, more or less curved and twisted, indehiscent or tardily 
dehiscent, the valves leathery. Seeds flattened. The plants flower in the spring. Honry 
Locust. 
Ovary glabrous: pods oval or elliptic, 1-seeded, or rarely 2-seeded. 1. G. aquatica. 
Ovary pubescent: pods linear or oblong-linear, many-seeded. 
Trees unarmed : pods 10-13 em. long, not twisted, not pulpy within. 2. G. Texana. 
Trees usually armed : pods 20-30 cm. long, twisted, pulpy within. 3. G. triacanthos. 
1. Gleditsia aquatica Marsh. A tree sometimes 20 m. tall, armed with simple or 
branching thorns. Bark dull gray : leaves numerous: leaflets 12-18, the blades leathery, 
oblong to ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 2-4.5 em. long, obtuse or retuse at the apex, obtuse'at 
the base, crenate, lustrous above, paler beneath : staminate racemes 5-8 cm. long, loosely 
flowered : calyx-lobes lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, sparingly pubescent: petals 
oblong or oval-oblong, rather longer than the calyx-lobes : pods oval or elliptic, oblique, 
3-5 em. long, abruptly acuminate at both ends: seed solitary, or rarely 2 seeds in a d 
In swamps, Indiana and Missouri to South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana. WATER LOCUST. 
2. Gleditsia Texàna Sarg. A tree becoming 30-36 m. tall, unarmed. Bark 
pale, smooth : leaves numerous: leaflets 12-22, the blades mainly oblong-ovate, 1.2-2.5 
cm. long, obtuse or acute, and apiculate at the apex, firm, crenulate-serrate, deep green 
and lustrous above, pale beneath, obliquely rounded at the base: staminate racemes slen- 
der, 7-10 cm. long: calyx-lobes ovate, acute, villous : petals slightly longer than the 
calyx-lobes: stamens exserted : pods linear-oblong, flat, 10-13 cm. long, straight, puber- 
ulous, chestnut-brown : seeds several, oval, lustrous. 
In dry bottom lands, valley of the Brazos River, Texas. 
3. Gleditsia triacánthos L. A tree often 40 m. tall, usually armed with branching 
thorns. Bark pale: leaves numerous: leaflets 12-28, the blades firm, ovate-lanceolate 
varying to elliptie, 1-2.5 cm. long, inequilateral, crenulate, obtuse at both ends, like the 
rachis often pubescent beneath: staminate racemes solitary or clustered, short-peduncled, 
3-12 em. long : calyx-lobes unequal, narrowly oblong to lanceolate: petals greenish, oval 
to oblong-oval, considerably longer than the calyx-lobes: pods elongated, linear, 20-30 
em. long, somewhat curved and twisted, black, lustrous: seeds numerous. 
In rieb woods, Ontario to Kansas, Florida and Texas. 
5. GYMNÓCLADUS Lam. 
Unarmed trees, clothed with a rough deeply furrowed bark, the branches stout, pithy. 
Leaves alternate, unequally bipinnate, deciduous. Leaflets opposite or nearly so, the 
blades entire, membranous. Flowers polygamous, regular, in terminal racemes or thir- 
soid panicles. Calyx-lobes 5, narrow, equal, erect or somewhat spreading, surmounting the 
long tube. Corolla greenish white. Petals 5, inserted on the edge of the disk, rather 
longer than the calyx-lobes. Stamens 10: filaments subulate, pubescent, those opposite 
the petals often shorter : anthers introrse, opening lengthwise. Ovules numerous, pendu- 
lous, anatropous. Pod oblong, flattened, slightly curved, woody. Seeds more or less 
flattened, on slender funiculi, KENTUCKY COFFEE-TREE. 
1. Gymnocladus dioica (L.) Koch. A forest tree sometimes 33 m. tall, with a 
deeply furrowed bark. Leaves with 5-9 pinnae: leaflets in 3-7 pairs and terminal ones 
present or absent, the blades ovate or oval, 2-7 cm. long, acuminate at the apex, entire, 
rounded at the base, short-stalked : panicles 1-3 dm. long, the pistillate larger than the 
staminate : calyx pubescent within and without ; tube nearly cylindric, about 1 em. long; 
lobes linear-lanceolate, 5-6 mm. long: corolla nearly white: petals oblong, slightly longer 
mer o obe: pods oblong, 1-2 dm. long, flat, curved, thick: seeds lenticular, 
In rich woods, Ontario to Minnesota, Nebraska, Tennessee and the Indian Territory. Spring. 
6. PARKINSÒNIA L. 
Shrubs or trees, clothed with a thin smooth bark and armed with simple or 3-branched 
thorns. Leaves alternate, or fascicled : petioles very short, with 2-4 branches on which 
are borne many pairs of small leaflets. Flowers in slender axillary solitary or fascicled 
racemes. Calyx-lobes unequal, valvate or imbricated. Corolla bright yellow. Petals 5, 
