POLYGALACEAE 689 
acuminate: keel with a crest of several acute, entire or cleft processes : stamens usually 6 : 
style slender: seeds fully 1 mm. long, pubescent, the 2 lobes of the caruncle spreading, 
about 3 as long as the seed-body. 
In sandy pine lands, South Carolina to Florida, Louisiana and Arkansas. Throughout the year. 
31. Polygalalütea L. Biennial, bright green, glabrous. Stems ascending or decum- 
bent, 1-3 dm. long, sometimes tufted, simple or sparingly branched: leaves fleshy, the 
basal spatulate or obovate, or the blades ovate, 1-5 cm. long, rounded or notched at the 
apex ; lower stem-leaves similar to the basal, the upper ones varying through oblanceolate 
to linear-elliptic or nearly linear, acute or acutish, sessile or the petioles short: racemes 
dense, ovoid, subglobose or oblong, 1-1.5 em. thick, long- or short-peduncled ; rachis 1-5 
cm. long: pedicels 1.5-2 mm. long, their bracts deciduous : flowers orange-yellow, drying 
greenish yellow: wings obovate-elliptic, 4-6 mm. long, cuspidate, commonly 7-nerved : 
keel with a small fimbriate crest : stamens 8 : styleslender: prolonged into a curved tufted 
appendage : seeds nearly 1.5 mm. long, slightly pubescent, the 2 lobes of the caruncle nar- 
row, nearly as long as the seed-body. 
= In low pine lands, New York to Florida and Mississippi, Spring and summer. WILD BACHELOR’S 
UTTON. 
32. Polygala Rugélii Shuttlw. Biennial, bright green, glabrous Stems erect or as- 
cending, 3-7 dm. tall, sometimes tufted, simple or sparingly branched above : leaves fleshy, 
the basal and lower stem-leaves spatulate, 2.5-5 em. long, obtuse, upper stem-leaves alter- 
nate, oblanceolate to lanceolate, shorter and smaller than the stem-leaves, acute, sessile : 
racemes dense, ovoid or subglobose, 15-20 mm. thick, long-peduncled : rachis 2-3.5 cm. 
long : pedicels 3-4 mm. long, their bracts deciduous : flowers yellow, turning dark green in 
drying : wings obovate or elliptic-obovate, about 7 mm. long, cuspidate, 7-9-nerved as the 
other sepals: keel crested with a few thick processes, entire or 2-cleft: stamens 8: style 
slender, auricled at the base of the slender-stalked drooping stigma, produced into a tufted 
appendage: seeds 1.5 mm. long, pubescent, the 2 lobes of the caruncle about as long as 
the seed-body, spongy. 
In pine lands, Florida. Spring to fall. 
33. Polygala Baldwinii Nutt. Biennial, pale green, glabrous. Stems erect, 2-6 
dm. tall, simple or branching above, corymbosely branched at the top, sometimes tufted : 
leaves thickish, the basal spatulate or obovate, 1-3 cm. long: stem-leaves alternate ; blades 
obovate, narrowly spatulate to lanceolate, shorter than the basal leaves, acute: corymbs 
simple or compound : racemes ovoid or subglobose, the rachis 1-3 cm. long: flowers white, 
fragrant, nearly sessile : wings ovate-lanceolate, about 4 mm. long, narrowed into a slender 
tip: keel with a minute fimbriate crest : stamens 8: style slender: capsule minute, barely 
0.7 mm. broad: seeds about 0.5 mm. long, pubescent, brown, the caruncle with 2 minute 
scale-like lobes. ; 
In pine lands and swamps, Georgia and Florida to Mississippi. Summer. 
34. Polygala ramdsa Ell. Biennial, bright green, glabrous. Stems simple below 
and erect or branched at the base, 1-5 dm. tall, corymbosely branched above : leaves thick- 
ish, the basal with spatulate or obovate blades, 2-3 em. long and short petioles : stem-leaves 
alternate ; blades narrowly spatulate, oblanceolate to linear, shorter than the basal, acute ; 
corymbs compound : racemes ovoid or oblong ; rachis 1-2 em. long: pedicels about 2 mm. 
long, the bracts lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm. long: flowers yellow, turning dark green or blackish 
an drying : wings ovate-lanceolate or oblong, about 3 mm. long, acuminate, twice or thrice 
larger than the other sepals: keel with a small fimbriate crest : stamens 8 : style slender, 
broadened and auricled near the almost sessile stigma, prolonged into a curled appendage 
with a tufted sometimes 2-lobed end: seeds about 0.5 mm. broad, pubescent, brown, the 
caruncle of 2 scale-like lobes. 
In swamps, Delaware to Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. 
35. Polygala cymdsa Walt. Biennial, glabrous throughout. Stems solitary, erect, 
4-12 dm. tall, scape-like, corymbosely branched above: leaves thick, the basal numerous ; 
blades linear, spreading, 5-20 em. long, acuminate, sessile: stem-leaves smaller, few, scat- 
tered : corymbs simple or compound : racemes ovoid or cylindric ; rachis 1-5 em. long: 
pedicels abont 2 mm. long, their bracts lanceolate, persistent : flowers lemon-yellow, turn- 
ing blackish green in drying : wings elliptic or narrowly obovate, mucronate, about 4 mm. 
long, nearly twice as large as the other sepals: keel with a crest of a few small processes : 
stamens 8: style broadened at the middle, prolonged into a curved appendage : stigma 
a short-stalked : seeds 0.8 mm. in diameter, brown, glabrous, the caruncle ob- 
ete. 
In pine-land pools, Delaware to Florida and Louisiana. Spring and summer. 
44 
