EUPHORBIACEAE 705 
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6. Stillingia sylvática L. Herbaceous. Stems commonly several together, 4-12 dm. 
tall, stout, usually topped by a simple or compound umbel : leaf-blades obovate, oval or 
oblong, 3-11 cm. long, obtuse, crenulate : spikes 5-12 cm. long : capsules 12-15 cm. wide : 
seeds 7-9 mm. long. 
In sandy soil and open woods, Virginia to Missouri, Florida and Texas. 
7. Stillingia aquática Chapm. Shrubby. Stems erect, 6-20 dm. tall, often standing 
in shallow water, conspicuous on account of the umbel-like top : leaf-blades linear or linear- 
oblong, sometimes broader above or below the middle, acute, finely serrate, narrowed into 
short slender petioles, the upper ones yellowish : spikes as long as the leaves or shorter : 
braets 1-1.5 mm. high: calyx 1 mm. long, rather delicate: capsules about 1 cm. broad, 
smooth : seeds subglobose, 3-3.5 mm. in diameter, rugose, pitted at the end. 
Inswamps and wet pine lands, South Carolina, Florida and Alabama. 
17. HIPPOMANE L. 
Trees with glabrous foliage and an acrid poisonous milky sap. Leaves alternate : 
blades leathery, entire or serrate, somewhat persistent, on rather long petioles. Flowers 
monoecious, in terminal ament-like spikes with a stout rachis, the staminate above the 
pistillate in clusters of 8-15 subtended by broad bracts which are furnished with 2 glands. 
Calyx membranous, 2-3-lobed. Stamens 2-3, exserted: filaments more or less united ; 
anthers erect, extrorse.  Pistillate flowers few and solitary in the axils below the stami- 
nate. Calyx ovoid, 3-parted, closely surrounding the ovary, furnished with several glands. 
Ovary 6-8-celled, sessile. Styles 6-8, recurved, stigmatic on the inner faces. Ovules 
solitary in each cavity, pendulous, anatropous. Drupe spheroidal, slightly 6-8-lobed, 
variegated, with a milky pulp and a bony 6-8-celled endocarp. Seeds elongated, flattened, 
with a double membranous testa, the outer coat darker than the inner. MANCHINEEL. 
1. Hippomane Mancinélla L. An evergreen tree 4-18 m. tall, resembling a pear 
tree, the foliage glabrous. Leaf-blades thickish, ovate, oblong or oval, 4-10 cm. long, acute 
or short-acuminate, undulate or shallowly serrate, lustrous above, rounded or subcordate 
at the base ; petioles slender, as long as the blades or shorter : spikes 4-8 cm. long, curved : 
bracts broader than long, crenulate: calyx of the staminate flowers with 3 unequal acute 
sepals, that of the pistillate flowers with broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate sepals, about as 
long as the ovary: drupe spheroidal, 2.5-3.5 em. broad, yellowish green or light yellow 
with a scarlet cheek : nut depressed with many short thorn-like projections. 
i On sandy beaches, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the Bahamas, West Indies and trop- 
cal America. Spring. 
18. RICINUS L. 
Tall stout monoecious herbs, with glabrous and glaucous foliage. Leaves alternate : 
blades large, peltate, palmately lobed, petioled. Flowers numerous, small, apetalous, 
greenish, in terminal racemes, the pistillate above the staminate. Staminate flowers with 
a calyx of 3-5 valvate sepals, and numerous crowded stamens : filaments repeatedly branched. 
Pistillate flowers with a caducous calyx. Ovary 3-celled, 3-ovuled : styles 3, red, united 
at the base, 2-cleft. Capsule subglobose, or oval, smooth or spiny, separating into 3 2-valved 
carpels. Seeds ovoid or oblong, usually mottled. Castor Om PLANT. CasToR-BEAN. 
1. Ricinus comminis L. Stem erect, 1-5 m. tall, more or less branched, becoming 
tree-like in warm regions. Leaves conspicuous ; blades nearly orbicular in outline, 10— 
40 cm. broad, palmately 6-11-lobed and peltate, the lobes toothed, acute or acuminate : 
capsule 12-16 mm. in diameter, usually spiny, sometimes smooth: seeds shining, smooth, 
me variegated with white, or mottled with gray and brown markings. 
n 
ii warm and komies] ping mag im E cultivation, New Jersey to Florida and Texas. Widely naturalized 
19. MOZÍNNA Ortega. 
Monoecious, rather succulent shrubs. Leaves alternate, clustered on lateral spurs : 
blades broadened upward, entire or lobed. Flowers inconspicuous, sessile or short-pedi- 
celled on the spurs with the leaves. Sepals 5, distinct or nearly so. Corolla urn-shaped, 
Surpassing the calyx : lobes shorter than the tube. Stamens 8-13 : filaments monadelphous : 
anthers introrse. Ovary often 2-celled. Styles 2, distinct. Stigmas more or less deeply 
notched. Ovules solitary in each cavity. Capsule often 2-lobed, sometimes of a single 
carpel. 2 solitary in each cavity. 
