EUPHORBIACEAE 719 
2. Tithymalus sphaerospérmus (Shuttlw.) Small. Perennial, glabrous. Stem 
erect, 2-6 dm. tall, topped by a 2-3-rayed umbel and often branched below : leaves alter- 
nate ; blades linear, 3-9 cm. long, acute, entire, sessile: rays 3-5 cm. long, forking : bracts 
of the rays linear-lanceolate to ovate, variable in length, acute or slightly acuminate : 
involucres campanulate, 3.5-4 mm. high, shorter than the peduncles: glands fan-shaped, 
1-2 mm. broad, thickened and crumpled on the edge: capsules 3-lobed, 8-11 mm. broad, 
about 4 as high, the lobes obtuse : seeds subglobose, 4 mm. in diameter or smaller, smooth. 
[Euphorbia sphaerosperma Shuttlw. ] 
In pine lands, Florida to Alabama. Summer. 
3. Tithymalus inundàtus (Torr.) Small. Perennial, glabrous. Stem erect, 1-5 
dm. tall, topped by a 2-3-rayed umbel, and simple or alternately branched below it: 
leaves alternate; blades linear or oblong-linear, sometimes broadest above the middle, 3- 
10 em. long, acute, sessile : bracts of the rays ovate or oblong-lanceolate, acute : involucres 
campanulate or turbinate-campanulate, 2-4 mm. high, shorter than the peduncles: glands 
thick, reniform, 1.5 mm. broad, outer margin thick and undulate: capsules about 5 mm. 
high, much broader, smooth, the angles sharp: seeds subglobose or ovoid-globose, 3-3.5 
mm. in diameter, smooth.  [ Euphorbia inundata Torr.] 
In pine-land swamps, Florida. Spring. 
4. Tithymalus telephioides ( Chapm. ) Small. Perennial, somewhat fleshy, the foliage 
glabrous, light green. Stem erect, 0.5-2.5 dm. tall, topped by a 2-4-rayed umbel, com- 
monly branched below: leaves alternate; blades broa ly spatulate to oblong-obovate or 
obovate, 2-5 cm. long, acutish or apiculate, thin-margined, approximate or rarely remote : 
rays forking, barely if at all surpassing the subtending bracts : bracts of the rays ovate to 
deltoid, entire, acute : involucres broadly campanulate, 1.5-2 mm. high, purple, shorter 
than the peduncles: glands peltate, her reniform, somewhat cup-shaped, 1-1.5 mm. 
broad, undulate : capsules 3-lobed, 7-8 mm. broad, granular, the lobes rounded : seedssub- 
globose, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth. [Euphorbia telephioides Chapm. ] 
In low pine lands, Florida. Spring. 
_ 5. Tithymalus Darlingtónii (A. Gray) Small. Perennial, dark green, often 
minutely pubescent, the rootstock 1-2 cm. thick, scarred. Stem rather stout, erect, 3-15 dm. 
tall, fleshy, topped by a 5-8-rayed umbel, branched above, the branches simple or forked : 
leaves alternate ; blades oblong or oblanceolate, or lanceolate above, 3.5-10 cm. long, mostly 
obtuse at the apex, sessile, often undulate, more or less pubescent beneath: bracts of the 
rays opposite, ovate, or nearly reniform: involucres campanulate, nearly 4 mm. long, 
bearing 5 reniform undulate, unappendaged glands: capsules depressed-globose, 6-8 mm. 
high, minutely warty : seeds ovoid-globose, 3-4 mm. long, smooth or nearly so. [Euphorbia 
Darlingtonii A. Gray.] 
In woods or thickets, New York, Pennsylvanía and New Jersey to North Carolina. Spring to fall. 
6. Tithymalus Hélleri (Millsp.) Small. Annual or biennial, glabrous. Stem 
branched at the base, the branches 1.5-2.5 dm. tall, sometimes branched below the 3-rayed 
umbel: leaves scattered; blades spatulate, 6-15 mm. long, obtuse or retuse, the lower ones 
short-petioled : rays 3-5 cm. long, dichotomous, with long internodes: bracts of the rays 
oblong, sessile or nearly so, slightly unequal, orbicular-ovate, somewhat fiddle-shaped, 
mucronate at the apex, broadly cuneate or truncate at the base: involucres not crowded, 
turbinate-campanulate, about 1 mm. high: glands elliptie, about twice as broad as long, 
With horns as long as the body of the gland: capsules depressed-globose, 3 mm. broad: 
seeds ovoid, white, 1.6 mm. long, with a 2-lobed caruncle. [Euphorbia Helleri Millsp. ] 
In sandy soil, southern Texas. Spring and summer. 
7. Tithymalus longicüris (Scheele) Small. Annual, glabrous. Stem erect, 1-3 
dm. tall, simple or branched at the base, often topped by a 3—5-rayed umbel : leaves alter- 
nate; blades spatulate to obovate, 1-1.5 cm. long, obtuse, entire or nearly so, narrowed to 
slender bases: bracts somewhat reniform, 9-13 mm. broad, very inequilateral, entire : 
involucres turbinate-campanulate, fully 1 mm. high, glabrous : glands barely 1 mm. broad, 
prolonged into 2 slender subulate horns : capsules 2.5-3 mm. broad, barely as high, the lobes 
rounded : seeds oblong, fully 1.5 mm. long, whitish, copiously pitted, the breadth of the 
pits less than 4 the space between them. [Euphorbia longicuris Scheele. ] 
In dry soil, Arkansas and the Indian Territory to Texas. Summer. 
,8. Tithymalus commutàtus (Engelm.) Kl. & Garcke. Annual or biennial, or m 
ennial by creeping stems, yellowish n, often tinged with red, glabrous. Stem slender, 
usually decumbent at the base, 1-4 dm. long, branched, topped by a 3-rayed umbel: rays 
forked or umbellately branched: leaves alternate; blades spatulate to ovate, 1-3.5 cm. 
long, obtuse or mucronulate, entire, flat, narrowed into a slender petiole : bracts subtend- 
ing the umbel: bracts of the rays opposite, ovate-reniform : involucres campanulate, 2.5 
