782 CLUSIACEAE 
b. Stigmas brush-like: endosperm copious. Fam. 8. TURNERACEAE. 
B. Styles wholly and permanently united. 
Corolla regular. . 
Anther-saes opening by apical chinks. Fam. 9. BIXACEAE. 
Anther-sacs opening longitudinally. Fam. 10. CISTACEAE. 
Corolla irr ar, the petals markedly unequal and one of them 
spurred : stamens 5. Fam. 11. VIOLACEAE. 
Famity 1. CANELLACEAE Mart. WILD CINNAMON FAMILY. 
Tropical American trees, with a pale aromatie bark. Leaves alternate, 
without stipules: blades entire, pellucid-punctate. Inflorescence corymbose- 
cymose. Flowers perfect, regular. Calyx of 3 thick imbricated sepals. Corolla 
of 4-12 narrow imbricated thick petals, or wanting. Androecium of numerous 
stamens. Filaments united into a tube which encloses the pistil. Anthers narrow, 
extrorse, adnate to the filament-tube. Gynoecium of 2-5 united carpels. Ovary 
free, 1-celled, with 2-5 parietal placentae. Style thick. Stigma 2-5-lobed. 
Ovules 2-several, horizontal, almost anatropous. Fruit a berry. Seeds 2 or 
several, with a shining crustaceous testa. Endosperm fleshy, oily. Embryo 
straight, or slightly curved in the endosperm. 
1. CANELLA P. Br. 
Trees, with a gray bark and glabrous foliage. Leaves alternate: blades leathery, 
broadest above the middle. Flowers small, in terminal cymes. Sepals 3, much longer 
than the bractlets. Petals 5. Stamens mostly 15-20: filament-tube projecting beyond the 
anthers. Ovary elongated, with 2 parietal placentae, enclosed in the filament-tube. Ovules 
3-4. Berry subglobose. Seeds 3-4, filling the cavity of the berry. Embryo slightly 
curved and to one side of the axis of the endosperm. 
1. Canella Winteriana (L.) Gaertn. A glabrous spicy tree, 5-15 m. tall. Trunk 
sometimes 2-2.5 dm. thick: leaf-blades oblanceolate, spatulate or oblong-spatulate, 3-10 
cm. long, obtuse, deep green and lustrous above, paler beneath, slightly revolute, entire, 
short-petioled : cymes few-flowered : sepals 3, orbicular-reniform, 2.5-3 mm. broad, very 
thick: petals 5, oblong, 4.5-5 mm. long, obtuse, leathery, purple, deciduous: staminal 
tube about 3 mm. high, ovoid: anthers linear, 15-20: style nearly columnar : berry sub- 
globose, about 1 cm. in diameter, bright crimson, subtended by the persistent sepals : seeds 
obovoid. [C. alba Murr.) 
In dense forests on the Florida Keys. Also in the West Indies. Flowers in the fall. CINNAMON- 
BARK. WILD CINNAMON. WHITEWOOD. 
FAMILY 2. CLUSIÀCEAE Lindl. BALSAM-TREE FAMILY. 
Shrubs or trees, with an acrid resinous sap. Leaves opposite, sometimes 
whorled : blades entire. Flowers mostly dioecious or polygamous, solitary or in 
cymes. Calyx of 2-6 strongly imbricated sepals. Corolla white, pink or yellow, 
of 4-9 hypogynous petals. Androecium of numerous stamens, reduced in the 
pistillate flowers. Filaments wholly or partially united. Gynoecium of 2 or 
more united thick carpels. Ovary 2-several-celled, its base, at least, surrounded 
by the united parts of the androecium. Styles very stout or wanting. Stigmas 
thick. Ovules several or many. Fruit baccate, drupaceous or capsular. Seeds 
sometimes arillate. Endosperm wanting. 
1. CLUSIA L. 
Commonly evergreen epiphytic shrubs or trees, with erect or climbing stems. Leaf- 
blades broadest above the middle. Flowers solitary or few in axillary or terminal cymes. 
Sepals 4-6, imbricated. Petals 4-9, commonly broadest above the middle, leathery. Stam- 
inodia several to many in the pistillate flowers. Ovary 8-10-celled: stigma radiate. 
Ovules numerous, on axile placentae. Capsules mostly leathery, angled, septicidal. 
1. Clusia flava Jacq. A glabrous evergreen tree sometimes becoming 20 m. tall 
Leaf-blades leathery, cuneate-obovate, 1-2.5 dm. long, obtuse or retuse at the apex, entire 
many-ribbed, short-petioled : sepals suborbicular, leathery : petals yellow, broadly obora 
2.5-3 mm. long, somewhat unequal : capsule pyriform or globular : seeds usually 12, glo 
ular, embedded in a thin pulp. 
In sand or coral rock, Florida Keys. Also in tropical America. 
