794 TURNERACEAE 
silky, persistent. Petals 5, united at the base. Stamens numerous, on the top and inner 
face of 5 disk-like lobes confluent at the base: filaments distinct, relatively short: anthers 
versatile. Ovary 3-5-celled : styles united. Ovules 4 in each cavity. Capsule pointed, 
loculicidally 5-valved, the valves entire. Seeds 4, or mostly 2, in each cavity, each with 
a membranous wing at the top. Endosperm wanting. 
1. Gordonia Lasiánthus (L.) Ellis. An evergreen tree, reaching a height of 25 m., 
with a maximum trunk diameter of 5 dm., the bark thick, in flat parallel ridges. Leaf- 
blades narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 5-15 cm. long, acutish, obtuse or notched at the 
apex, appressed-serrate, glabrous, lustrous above, dull beneath, narrowed into short winged 
petioles: peduncles stout, 3-7 cm. long: sepals suborbicular, 8-10 mm. in diameter, silky 
with silvery hairs, ciliate: corolla showy, 5-7 cm. broad: petals obovate, oblong or ellip- 
tic, obtuse, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, silky without or at length glabrous: filaments united into a 
thick, fleshy, 5-lobed tube, pubescent within: capsule ovoid, 15-18 mm. long, acutish, 
silky : seeds somewhat S-shaped, 6-7 mm. long; wing membranous, about as long as the 
seed-body. 
In swamps and hammocks, Virginia to Florida and Louisiana. Flowers in the summer and ma- 
tures its fruit in the fall. LoBLOLLY BAY. TAN Bay. BLACK LAUREL. 
FAMILY 8. TURNERACEAE H.B.K. TURNERA FAMILY. 
Perennial herbs or shrubby plants, with stingless hairs, or glabrous. Leaves 
alternate: blades simple, sometimes with 2 glands at the base. Flowers mostly 
perfect, regular, axillary. Calyx of 5 imbricated sepals. Corolla of 5 convolute 
deciduous petals, often delicate. Androecium of 5 stamens inserted with or near 
the petals. Filaments distinct, free. Anther-sacs opening lengthwise. Gynoe- 
cium compound, of 3 united carpels. Ovary free, 1-celled. Styles 3, entire, at 
least to the stigma. Stigmas dilated or usually many-cleft. Ovules numerous 
in 2 rows on the 8 parietal placentae, these opposite the three styles. Capsule 
1-celled, 3-valved at the apex or to the base. Seeds slightly curved. Embryo 
straight in the copious fleshy endosperm. 
Herbaceous : stigmas 2-cleft. 1. PIRIQUETA. 
Shrubby : stigmas not 2-cleft. 2. TURNERA. 
1. PIRIQUETA Aubl. 
Perennial herbs, sometimes shrubby at the base, with glabrous tomentose hirsute or 
stellate-pubescent foliage. Leaves alternate: blades entire, toothed or pinnatifid, often 
biglandular at the base. Flowers axillary, or in reduced panicles. Sepals 5, imbricated. 
Petals yellow, 5, inserted below the stamens. Filaments flattened. Anthers somewhat 
elongated. Stigmas 3, 2-cleft, brush-like. Capsule 1-celled, loculicidally 3-valved to the 
base. Seeds numerous, curved, with a crustaceous often roughened testa. The plants 
flower mainly in the spring and summer. 
Foliage glabrous, at least to the inflorescence. "n 
Pedicel and calyx glabrous: braets leaf-like. 1. P. viridis. 
Pedicel and calyx pupescent, bracts scale-like. 2. P. glabrescens. 
Foliage tomentose or hirsute throughout. 
3. P. tomentosa. 
Stems tomentose. bert 
Stems hirsute as well as tomentose. 4. P. Caroliniana. 
1. Piriqueta viridis Small. Glabrous, deep green. Stems simple or sparingly 
branched near the base, smooth : leaf-blades linear or linear-spatulate on the lower part 9 
the stem, 3-8 cm. long, acute or acutish, repand, not prominently nerved beneath, sessile 
or short-petioled below: bracts leaf-like: pedicels glabrous: calyx glabrous, turbinate ; 
lobes lanceolate, 6-8 mm. long, acute, ribbed : petals yellow, about 1.5 cm. long: capsules 
subglobose, 7-8 mm. in diameter, glabrous: seeds about 2 mm. long. 
In pine lands, Florida. 
2. Piriqueta glabréscens Small. Slender, glabrous to the inflorescence. Stems erect 
or ascending, often sparingly branched, 4-6 dm. tall, smooth : leaf-blades narrowly linear, 
1-5 em. long, acute or acutish, entire, not prominently nerved beneath, sessile or s d 
petioled below, much reduced above: bracts not foliaceous: pedicels tomentose : Cà yx 
turbinate, tomentose ; lobes oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute: petals yellow, spatulate, 
1-1.5 em. long ; capsules subglobose, about 5 mm. in diameter. [P. glabra Chapm., no 
Turnera glabra DC. ] 
In pine lands, peninsular Florida. ` 
