VIOLACEAE . 803 
the blades: scapes surpassing the leaves: corolla purple, 2.5 cm. broad : sepals ovate- 
lanceolate : petals oblong, the short spur blunt: cleistogenes borne on erect peduncles. 
On mountain slopes, Tryon, North Carolina. Spring. 
18. Viola emarginata (Nutt.) Le Conte. Plants usually solitary or sometimes 
clustered, from an ascending rootstock: leaves glabrous ; blades on elongated petioles, 
from deltoid-triangular to broadly ovate, dentate below the middle, or occasionally deeply 
cleft or lobed, subcordate at base, the margin slightly decurrent: scapes not surpassing 
the leaves occasionally branched : corolla bright blue, with oblong distinctly emarginate 
petals : capsules somewhat angled : peduncles of the cleistogenes erect. 
In dry soil, New York to Stone Mountain, Georgia. Spring. 
19. Viola odorata L. Stoloniferous, the stolons rooting freely at the nodes : leaves 
from pubescent to glabrate ; blades broadly ovate or suborbicular, cordate, obtuse, crenate 
on the margins: scapes equalling the leaves: flowers fragrant: corolla 1-2 cm. broad, 
blue: sepals oblong, obtuse: petals beardless: cleistogenes borne on short decumbent 
peduncles. [V. Thompsonae Chapm. ] 
eek escaped from gardens in the Atlantic and Pacific States ; established at Smithville, Georgia 
g. 
20. Viola rotundifolia Michx. Apparently acaulescent at flowering time, but pro- 
ducing stolons in late summer: leaves glabrate, somewhat pubescent along the petioles ; 
blades yellowish green, paler beneath, from ovate to orbicular, cordate, crenate, at first 
1-5 cm. broad, later 10-13 cm. broad and closely appressed to the ground : corolla yellow, 
8-12 mm. broad : sepals obtuse, narrowly oblong, the lateral petals bearded and marked 
with brown veins: capsules ovoid : cleistogenes on short deflexed peduncles. 
In woods, Labrador to Minnesota, and to the mountains of North Carolina and,Tennessee. Spring 
21. Viola blánda Willd. Plant glabrate, stoloniferous, from a very slender root- 
stock : leaves light green ; blades thin, from orbicular to subreniform, cordate, with a 
shallow basal sinus, obtuse at apex, the margins crenate : flower fragrant : corolla white, 
6-12 mm. broad, the petals beardless, mostly marked with purple veins: sepals lanceo- 
late, acute : capsules small, oval : cleistogenes few. 
In swamps and meadows, New Foundland to British Columbia and southward to the higher 
mountains of North and South Carolina and Tennessee. April-May. 
22. Viola LeConteana G. Don. Plant abundantly stoloniferous : leaves sparsely 
pubescent or glabrate, the petioles more or less distinctly flecked with red ; blades bright 
green above, paler beneath, ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, the basal sinus deep and nar- 
Tow : scapes not surpassing the leaves: flowers scarcely fragrant : corolla white, 1-2 cm. 
broad, the petals very narrow, the two uppermost occasionally contorted : capsules larger 
than those of V. blanda. [ V. blanda var. amoena (Le Conte) B.S.P. V. alsophila Greene. ] 
In moist woods, in upland regions, New England to Illinois, Georgia and Alabama. Spring. 
23. Viola primulaefólia L. Plant glabrous or rarely somewhat pubescent. stolonif- 
€rous in late summer : leaf-blades oval or ovate-oblong, truncate or subcordate at base, the 
latter somewhat decurrent, the margins entire or crenulate : sepals lanceolate, acuminate : 
corolla white, 8-12 mm. wide, the petals veined with purple, and almost beardless : cap- 
Sules oval, 6-10 mm. long, those from the cleistogenes cernuous on short erect peariaries 
In i M i i Š ring.— V. primulaefolia austràlis Pollard, 
has uhr ane WHE are EE. E ERA ear À the corolla 1-1.5 cm. 
road ; more common than the type throughout its southern range. 
. .24. Viola denticuldsa Pollard. Plant 1-2 dm. high at flowering time, 3-4 dm. high 
in late summer, producing filiform stolons often fully this length : leaf-blades of thin 
texture, lanceolate, equalling or surpassing the petiole, acute at apex and strongly decur- 
rent, the margin denticulate or subentire, the upper surface sparsely hirsute : scapes not 
Surpassing the leaves : corolla white, 2 cm. broad, the keel petal alone dark purple-veined : 
Sepals lanceolate, scarious margined : cleistogenes erect. 
In wet woods near Douglas, Georgia. Spring. 
25. Viola lanceolata L. Plant glabrous, abundantly stoloniferous : leaf-blades 
lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, decurrent upon the petiole, 5-12 cm. long, obtuse or acutish, 
the margins obscurely crenulate ; petioles longer than the blades: scapes not surpassing 
the leaves: sepals lanceolate, acuminate: corolla white, 8-10 mm. broad, the petals 
beardless, the lower three marked with purple veins: capsules oval, 6-10 mm. long: 
cleistogenes erect, frequently borne on the stolons. 
In wet meadows and on banks of streams, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Spring. 
. 26. Viola vittàta Greene. Plant sparingly stoloniferous, glabrous: leaf-blades 
linear, 4-10 em. long, the apex obtuse, mucronate, the margins obscurely crenate ; petioles 
