862 AMMIACEAE 
involucres linear-lanceolate or linear-spatulate, reflexed at maturity, longer than the head : 
fruit about 1 mm. long, sparingly tuberculate. 
In low grounds and pine lands, Kentucky to Missouri, Georgia, Florida and Texas. Summer. 
3. Eryngium Floridanum Coult. & Rose. Perennial. Stems 6-9 dm. tall, often 
sparingly branched : leaf-blades various, those of the basal leaves narrowly oblong, 2.5-10 
em. long, usually entire, long-petioled, those of the upper stem-leaves long-linear, mostly 
remotely serrulate, sessile or nearly so: heads subglobose, 10-12 mm. long : bracts of the in- 
volucre linear-lanceolate, reflexed, longer than the head : bractlets linear, much longer than 
the flowers, entire, sharp-pointed : fruit about 2 mm. long, crowned with the ovate acute 
sepals. 
In brackish marshes, Florida. Spring to fall. 
4. Eryngium Virginiaànum Lam. Perennial. Stems 3-9 dm. tall, more or less cor- 
ymbosely branched above : leaf-blades linear or oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 dm. long or longer, 
serrate or laciniate above, acute, sessile or those of the lower cauline or basal-leaves undulate 
and long-petioled : heads cylindric or oblong-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long, bur-like : bracts of the 
involuere linear, entire or spiny-toothed, as long as the heads or longer: bractlets rigid, 
3-pronged, the middle prong longer than the lateral: fruit scaly, crowned with the lan- 
ceolate acuminate sepals. 
In swamps and on margins of ponds, New Jersey to Florida and Texas. Spring to fall. 
5. Eryngium Mettaüeri Wood.  Perennial, glabrous. Stems 10-18 dm. tall, sim- 
ple or nearly so below : leaf-blades linear or linear-lanceolate, those of basal or lower stem- 
leaves 1-2 dm. long, undulate, their petioles often 2-3 dm long, jointed, those of upper 
stem-leaves attenuate, more or less spiny-toothed near the base: heads ovoid or globose- 
ovoid, about 1.5 em. long, robust: bracts of the involucres linear or narrowly linear-lan- 
ceolate, spiny-toothed, as long as the heads or longer, reflexed : bractlets with three equal 
prongs: fruit about 2 mm. long, crowned with the ovate acute sepals. 
In low grounds, Florida. Summer and fall. 
6. Eryngium Ravenélii A. Gray. Perennial. Stems 5-10 dm. tall, branched above : 
leaf-blades linear, elongated, conduplicate, undulate or slightly toothed, those of basal and 
lower stem-leaves 3-5 dm. long, those of the upper stem-leaves shorter: heads subglobose, 
about 1 em. long: bracts of the involucre spiny-toothed or entire, reflexed at maturity: 
bractlets 3-pronged : fruit about 2 mm. long, crowned with the short mucronate sepals. 
In swampy pine lands, South Carolina to Florida. Summer and fall. 
7. Eryngium integrifolium Walt. Perennial. Stems 4-9 dm. tall branching above, 
or sometimes also at the base : leaf-blades oblong to ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 
cm. long, shallowly serrate or crenate, acute or obtuse, crenate or subcordate at the 
base, all but the upper ones with broad petioles seldom over 1 em. long: heads few, 8-1 
mm. long, often broader than high: bracts of the involucres linear, entire or with few 
spine-like teeth, longer than the head, spreading : bractlets 3-pronged, surpassing the flow- 
ers: fruit over 2 mm. long, crowned with lanceolate acuminate sepals. [. virgatum Lam. ] 
In pine woods, North Carolina to Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. : 
8. Eryngium Ludoviciànum Morong. Similar to Æ. integrifolium in habit, but more 
slender : leaf-blades linear or linear-lanceolate, 2.5-7 cm. long, laciniately toothed at least 
near the base: heads numerous, mostly less than 7 mm. long: bracts of the involucre very 
narrowly linear or linear-filiform, commonly less than 1 cm. long: fruit less than 1.5 mm. 
long, crowned with the triangular sepals. 
In thickets and low grounds, Louisiana and Texas. Summer and fall. j : 
9. Eryngium Hoókeri Walp. Perennial. Stems 2-7 dm. tall, branching cath 
leaf-blades various, those of basal leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, 3-6 cm. long, shallowly 
toothed, their petioles shorter than the blades, those of the lower stem-leaves langoni 
laciniately-toothed and spinulose, with a pair of small laciniate segments at the base, sessile 
or nearly so, those of upper leaves palmately 5-7-parted : heads ovoid-globose, 8-12 mm. 
high : bracts of the involucres linear or linear-lanceolate, longer than the head, spiny 
toothed : bractlets entire, spine-tipped, the terminal ones elongated: fruit scaly, 1 mm. 
long, crowned with the spine-tipped sepals. 
In low grounds, Texas. Spring and summer. 
10. Eryngium aromáticum Baldw. Perennial. Stems often branched at the base, 
the branches ascending or prostrate, 1-6 dm. long, corymbosely branched near the bac 
leaf-blades rigid, 1-3 cm. long, pinnately parted, the segments various, the lower dari w 
the upper lanceolate to oblong or oval, spine-tipped and cartilaginous margined : heads ao 
globose, 5-10 mm. in diameter, bristly: bracts of the involucres 3-cleft, longer prir tle- 
head: bractlets 3-toothed : fruit 1 mm. long, tuberculate, crowned with the longer bri$ 
like sepals. 
In dry pine lands, Florida and Alabama. Summer and fall. 
