OLEACEAE 917 
1. Menodora scabra A. Gray. Resembling species of Linum. Stems tufted, often 
branched at the base, the branches ascending or spreading, 1-4 dm. long, corymbose at the 
top: leaves mostly alternate, 8-20 mm. long; blades linear, oblong or oblanceolate, acute, 
entire or undulate, the lower ones sometimes short-petioled: peduncles always erect: 
calyx-lobes linear-subulate, 5-6 mm. long, acute: corolla bright yellow ; lobes obovate, 
6-10 long: capsules 6-8 mm. broad. 
In dry soil, Texas to Arizona. Spring and summer. 
2. Menodora heterophylla Moric. Stems branching at the base, the branches 0.5-2 
dm. long, decumbent or spreading: leaves mainly opposite, 0.5-2 cm. long; blades pin- 
nately 3-7-cleft or 3-7-parted ; segments mostly linear-oblong, acute: flowers few: pe- 
duncles finally recurved: calyx-lobes narrowly linear, 3-6 mm. long: corolla light yellow 
or reddish purple without; tube shorter than the calyx-lobes, obovate, 6-10 mm. long, 
obtuse: capsules 10-12 mm. broad. [Bolivaria Grisebachii Scheele. ] 
In sandy soil, Texas and adjacent Mexico. Spring and summer. 
3. MENODOROPSIS Small. 
Shrubby herbs, with tufted stems. Leaves mostly opposite: blades firm, relatively 
narrow, entire or sometimes cleft near the base of the stem. Flowers few in terminal 
corymbs. Calyx pedicelled : tube ribbed: lobe 10, narrow. Corolla salverform, bright 
yellow: tube elongated, glabrous within: limb spreading: lobes mucronate or abruptly 
acuminate. Stamens included: anthers nearly sessile in the throat of the corolla-tube. 
Gynoecium similar to that of the next preceding genus. Capsule didymous, circum- 
scissile near the middle. 
1. Menodoropsis longifldra (A. Gray) Small. Stems tufted, erect or ascending, 
2-4 dm. tall, simple or branched. Leaves opposite or the upper ones sometimes alternate, 
1-2.5 em. long ; blades linear to lanceolate, acute, revolute, entire or the lower ones some- 
times 3-cleft, sessile or the lower ones short-petioled : calyx-lobes linear-filiform, acute, 
erect: corolla light yellow; tube gradually dilated upward, 3-5 cm. long; lobes ovate- 
lanceolate or oblong, acute : capsules nearly 15 mm. broad. [Menodora longiflora A. Gray. ] 
On plains and prairies, southern and western Texas. Spring and summer. 
4. FRAXINUS L. 
Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite: blades unequally pinnate, or rarely simple : leaf- 
lets entire or toothed. Flowers inconspicuous, polygamous or dioecious, or rarely perfect, 
in clusters or panicles. Calyx wanting, or with a short tube and 4 unequal lobes. Corolla 
none, or of 2-4 petals, these distinct or united by pairs at the base. Stamens 2 or rarely 
3-4 : filaments short or elongated, inserted at the base of the petals or hypogynous : anthers 
oval to linear, rather extrorse. Ovary 2-celled : styles united : stigma 2-cleft. Ovules 2 
in each cavity, pendulous. Samara various: body flat or terete: wings terminal or sur- 
rounding the body, 2 or rarely 3. The plants flower in the spring and mature their fruit 
in the summer. AsH. 
Lateral leaflets sessile: calyx wanting: samara with the wing extending around its base. 
Lateral leaflets stalked : calyx present in the pistillate flowers. F. nigra. 
Samara with a flat body, the wing extending to its base or around it. 
Leaflets 7-11: twigs 4-sided : samara rounded or obtuse at the base. 2. F. quadrangulata. 
Leaflets 5-7: twigs terete: samara narrowed and acute at the base. 
Samara spatulate or oblong-spatulate. F. pauciflora. 
Samaras elliptic to ovate or obovate. F. Caroliniana. 
Samara with a terete or nearly terete body, the wing terminal or merely de- 
current on the body. 
Wing of the samara extending along the sides of the body. 
Twigs, petioles and icels velvety pu ent. : 
Samaras 5-7 cm. long; body not sharply differentiated from the wing. 5 
» Samaras Cm a ae ; pest sen ae differentiated from the wing. 6 
wigs, petioles an cels glabrous. its 
Lateral leaflets cuneate at the base: leaflets 3-5. 7. F. Berlandieri. 
Lateral leaflets not cuneate at the base: leaflets 5-9. 8. F. lanceolata. 
Wings of the samara terminaljor nearly so. 
Twigs and leaves glabrous or nearly so. 
mo 
. F. profunda. 
. F. Pennsylvanica. 
Samara-body fully or nearly as long as the spatulate wing. P 9. F. Texensis. 
Samara-body much shorter than the linear or oblong-linear wing. 10. 2 . Americana. 
Twigs and leaves densely pubescent. 11. F. Biltmoreana. 
l. Fraxinus nìgra Marsh. A forest tree rarely over 32 m. tall, with almost gla- 
brous foliage. Leaves 2—4 dm. long, resembling those of Sambucus Canadensis ; leaflets 7-11, 
the blades of the lateral ones lanceolate to oblong, acuminate, 8-15 cm. long, serrate, more 
