SPIGELIACEAE 923 
beneath : inflorescence subtended by a whorl of bracts larger than the leaves: spikes 5-15 
em. long: calyx-lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm. long: corolla 5-9 mm. long, 
inconspicuous : capsules 5-6 mm. broad, copiously tuberculate. 
In sandy soil and fields, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in tropical America. 
2. Spigelia Marylándica L. Perennial, nearly glabrous, dark green. Stem branched 
from the base ; branches 2-6 cm. tall, slender: leaf-blades ovate or lanceolate, sometimes 
elliptic, 3-10 em. long, acuminate or rarely acute, sessile, rounded at the base, three- 
nerved or five-nerved, sometimes very sparingly pubescent, especially on the nerves: 
spikes one-sided, more or less recurved, 5-15 cm. long: calyx slender; lobes nearly subu- 
late, long-pointed, the tips pubescent: corolla showy, somewhat club-shaped, 4-5 em. 
long, scarlet without, yellow within ; lobes usually lanceolate, acute, 1 or 4 as long as the 
tube: capsules 7-11 mm. broad, smooth. 
In dry woods and on hillsides, New Jersey to Wisconsin, south to Florida and Texas. Spring. 
INDIAN or CAROLINA PINK. PINK-ROOT. 
3. Spigelia gentianoides Chapm. Perennial, light green, sometimes glaucescent. Stem 
usually branched at the base ; branches 2-3 dm. tall, rarely branched above, puberulent : 
leaf-blades ovate, sometimes ovate-lanceolate near the base of the stem or nearly orbicular, 
1.5-5 em. long, obtuse or acute, the uppermost sometimes acuminate, nearly glabrous, 
sessile, the bases rounded: spikes few-flowered: calyx slender; lobes 7-9 mm. long, 
linear-subulate, ciliate, the tips dark green: corolla white or purplish without, 1.5-2.5 cm. 
long ; lobes 1— as long as the tube, erect or converging : stamens included : style included. 
In light dry soil, western Florida. Spring. 
3. CYNOCTONUM J. F. Gmel. 
Caulescent herbs, often with short rootstocks. Leaves opposite: blades entire, 
leathery, sometimes finely nerved: stipules small, entire. Flowers white or slightly 
colored, in terminal compound cymes, whose ultimate divisions are secund spikes or 
spike-like racemes. Calyx shorter than the corolla, usually 5-lobed. Corolla urn-shaped : 
tube often swollen below and contracted at the throat, which is usually closed by jointed 
hairs : lobes 5, spreading or converging. Stamens 5, included, adnate to the corolla-tube. 
Ovary 2-celled, terminating in 2 styles, whose tips are more or less united when young, 
but at length distinct. Ovules numerous, attached to peltate placentae. Capsule mitre- 
shaped, tipped with 2 curved horns. Seeds smooth or variously roughened. The plants 
flower mainly in the summer and fall. [Mitreola R. Br.] MITREWORT. 
Leaf-blades more or less petioled, membranous: inflorescence lax. 1. C. Mitreola. 
Leaf blades sessile, fleshy-leathery : inflorescence dense. 
Leaf-blades ovate, oval or orbicular. 2. C. sessilifolium. 
Leaf-blades linear, linear-oblong or narrowly lanceolate. 3. C. angustifolium. 
. 1. Cynoctonum Mitréola (L.) Britton. Deep green. Stems 1-7 dm. tall, some- 
times branched throughout, slightly four-angled: leaf-blades rather membranous, elliptic- 
oblong, ovate, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, the lowest sometimes oblanceolate, 1.5-8 
cm. long, acute or acuminate, spreading, not prominently nerved, narrowed at the base, 
petioled : calyx campanulate, about 1 mm. long, sessile; lobes ovate, entire, about as long 
as the tube : corolla about 2 mm. long, marked with dark stripes, constricted at the throat 
and closed by a ring of jointed hairs, its tube purplish, longer than the white, rather acute, 
converging 3-nerved lobes: capsule 2-2.5 mm. long, its two horns slightly longer than the 
body. [Mitreola petiolata (Walt.) T. & G.] 
In damp or muddy places, Virginia to Texas and Mexico and Florida. Also in the West Indies. 
2. Cynoctonum sessilifolium (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. Pale green. Stems 1-5 dm. 
tall, simple, virgate, four-angled leaf-blades almost leathery, ovate or orbicular, 1-5 
em. long, obtuse or oe at the apex, sessile, appressed to the stem, often revolute and 
prominently nerved beneath: calyx campanulate, 1 mm. high; lobes lanceolate, obtuse, 
denticulate : corolla nearly 1 mm. long, surpassing the calyx, marked with dark stripes, 
i pana at the throat which is stopped by jointed hairs; tube longer than the ovate- 
ob ong, acute or acutish 3-nerved loben : capsule nearly oblong or subglobose, 4 mm. long, 
yellowish, almost smooth. 
In low grounds and sandy bogs, North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 
3. Cynoctonum angustifolium (T. & G.) Small. Pale green and Sabbatia-like. 
Stems 2-6 dm. tall, virgate : leaf-blades narrowly oblong to lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, ob- 
tuse or acutish at the apex, sessile or the lowest pair narrowed into short petiole-like bases, 
