GENTIANACEAE 931 
or ovate, acute, shorter than the tube: corolla blue, or purplish or rarely white, 2.5-3.5 
cm. long, stout-clavate ; lobes minute or obsolete, shorter than the broad fimbriate-toothed 
pale or white plaits : capsule-body 2-2.5 cm. long: seeds conspicuously winged. [Gen- 
tiana Andrewsii Griseb. ] 
In moist soil or thickets, Quebec to the Northwest Territory, Georgia and Missouri. 
7. Dasystephana villòsa (L.) Small. Stem 1-6 dm. tall, glabrous: leaf-blades spat- 
ulate to obovate, oblong or oval, 2-8 cm. long, those on the lower part on the stem often 
much smaller than those on the upper : flowers clustered, sessile: calyx 3-5 cm. long ; lobes 
linear to linear-spatulate, much longer than the thin glabrous tube, sometimes surpassing 
the corolla, smooth-edged: corolla greenish white or purplish green, 4-5.5 cm. long, 
funnelform ; lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, erect, much longer than the oblique entire or 
sparingly toothed appendages : capsule-body 2.5-3 cm. long, longer than the stipe: seeds 
wingless. [Gentiana villosa L. G. ochroleuca Froel. ] 
In shaded places, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Florida and Louisiana. 
8. Dasystephana Porphyrio (J. F. Gmel.) Small. Stems 1.5-4.5 dm. tall, glabrous : 
leaf-blades linear-spatulate to linear, 2-6.5 cm. long: flowers solitary, pedicelled : calyx 
2.5-3 cm. long; lobes narrowly linear, longer than the tube: corolla deep or brilliant 
azure-blue, or rarely nearly white, 4—5.5 cm. long, funnelform ; lobes ovate, much longer 
than the broad fimbriate plaits: capsule-body about 1.5 cm. long, shorter than the stipe : 
seeds wingless. [Gentiana Porphyrio J. F. Gmel. G. angustifolia Michx.] 
In moist pine lands, New Jersey to Florida. 
8. PRASERA Walt. 
Biennial or perennial herbs, with hollow stems and glabrous foliage. Leaves opposite 
or whorled: blades entire, thickish. Flowers in terminal panicled cymes. Calyx pedi- 
celled: tube short: lobes4, narrow. Corolla whitish, yellowish or blue, rotate : tube short : 
lobes 4, convolute, each furnished with 1 or 2 fringed glands on the inner side. Stamens 
4, adnate to the throat of the corolla-tube : filaments distinct or united at the base : anthers 
versatile. Ovary l-celled : stigma nearly entire, or 2-lobed. Capsule leathery, somewhat 
flattened, 2-valved. Seeds flattened, margined or winged. AMERICAN COLUMBO. 
1. Frasera Carolinénsis Walt. Stems erect, 1-2.5 m. tall, stout: leaves usugally in 
whorls of 4; blades spatulate to oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 dm. long, acute or 
acuminate, the lower narrowed into winged petiole-like bases, the upper sessile : pedicels 
becoming 3-6 cm. long: calyx glabrous ; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate, 1-1.5 cm. long, 
acuminate: corolla ochroleucous, dotted with purple, 2.5-3 cm. broad ; lobes broadly 
oblong or oval, each with a fringed gland just below the middle: capsules ovoid, 2 cm. 
long, acute : seeds 7-S mm. long, granular. 
In woods, Ontario to Michigan, Georgia, Tennessee and Alabama. Spring and summer. 
9. TETRAGONANTHUS J. F. Gmel. 
Annual or perennial caulescent herbs, with glabrousfoliage. Leaves opposite: blades 
entire, leathery. Flowers in terminal or axillary cymes or panicles. Calyx pedicelled : 
tube short: lobes 4, longer than the tube. Corolla white, yellow, blue or purple: tube 
short : lobes 4, each produced into a spur at the base ; this glandular within at the apex. 
Stamens 4, adnate on the lower part of the corolla-tube : filaments filiform or dilated at the 
base: anthers versatile. Ovary 1-celled, with more or less intruded placentae: style stout 
or wanting: stigma 2-lobed. Ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid to oblong, 2-valved. 
Seeds often slightly flattened. Testa smooth. [Halenia Borck.] SPURRED GENTIAN. 
1. Tetragonanthus defléxus (J. E. Smith) Kuntze. Stems simple or sparingly 
branched, 1-5 dm. tall: leaf-blades often spatulate and petioled at the ae of the stem, 
ovate to oblong or lanceolate above, 2-6 cm. long, or shorter above, obtuse or acute, 3-5- 
nerved, entire, sessile: calyx glabrous ; lobes narrow, constricted below the middle, acute : 
corolla white or purplish, 6-8 mm. broad : lobes ovate or triangular-lanceolate, acute ; spurs 
3 or } as long as the corolla, deflexed : capsules 10-14 mm. long, conic-oblgng, acute. 
In woods and thickets, Labrador to South Dakota, south to New York, Michigan and the Indian 
Territory. Summer. 
10. BARTÓNIA Muhl. 
Annual or biennial slender caulescent herbs, with glabrous foliage. Leaves reduced to 
scales; these opposite or sometimes alternate. Flowers in terminal racemes or panicles, or 
