954 ASCLEPIADACEAE 
em. wide, 3-5-angled or winged, fleshy when young, dry and spongy when mature: seeds 
8-9 mm. long, thin, minutely warty, crenate along the apex : coma 4-5 cm. long. 
In thickets and on river banks, Virginia to Florida and Louisiana, mainly near the coast. Spring 
and summer. 
4. Vincetoxicum gonocarpos Walt. Stems high-climbing, rather slender, minutely 
puberulent and thinly hirsute, sometimes the upper portion glabrate : leaf-blades 7-18 cm. 
long, broadly ovate or sometimes ovate-oblong, cordate at the base, with the sinus broad, 
in the case of larger leaves, the basal lobes approximated and often overlapping, abruptly 
acuminate at the apex, usually thin, becoming sometimes thicker and coriaceous when old, 
glabrous above or nearly so, granular-puberulent beneath, the margins sometimes a little 
wavy: midrib with 2-several glands at the base above: cymes mainly few-flowered : pe- 
duncles fleshy, glabrous or nearly so: pedicels 1-2 cm. long, glabrous or nearly so: calyx- 
lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, minutely ciliolate near the apex : corolla elongated- 
conical in bud, dull-greenish ; lobes narrowly lanceolate-linear, 9-12 mm. long, not twisted, 
glabrous, rather thick and fleshy : crown a low 10-undulate fleshy ring : stigma depressed, 
not 5-rayed : anthers with a scarious-membrane that overlaps the edge of the stigma : pol- 
linia pear-shaped, the broad flat caudicles twisted : follicles 3-5-costate or angled, 8-10 em. 
long, glabrous, fleshy when mature, dry and spongy when old: seeds 8-9 mm. long, 
minutely granular-puberulent, the rugose margin irregularly crenate along the apex : coma 
3.5-4 em. long. [Gonolobus macrophyllus Michx. ] 
Along rivers and in moist thickets, Kentucky to Missouri, Georgia and Texas. Spring and summer. 
ANGLE-POD. 
5. Vincetoxicum Shortii (A. Gray) Britton. Stems high-climbing, puberulent and 
thinly hirsute with rather stiff spreading hairs: leaf-blades 5-14 cm. long or more, broadly 
ovate, short-acuminate at the apex, deeply cordate at the base, the lobes rounded, com- 
monly with a narrow and closed sinus, rather thin, minute soft-hirsute above, more densely 
so and with longer spreading hairs on the midrib beneath ; the latter with a few glands at 
the base above: cymes several-flowered : peduncles minutely puberulent and sparingly 
hirsute: pedicels 1-2.5 cm. long, fleshy and puberulent: calyx-lobes with a gland in 
each sinus, lanceolate, 3 mm. long, puberulent: corolla dark greenish purple, oblong- 
conic in bud, 10-15 mm. long; lobes linear-ligulate, glabrous within, puberulent on the 
outer surface : crown with a 10-dentate margin, the narrow intermediate teeth truncate, 
retuse or obscurely bifid, thinnish, a little higher than the alternate broader ones which are 
thicker and obscurely crested within ; crest a narrow ridge or fold that is barely free 
within : stigma barely 5-angled: pollinia oblong: caudicles long. and narrow: follicles 
8-10 cm. long, rather slender, muricate with soft, obtuse protuberances, puberulent : seeds 
8 mm. long, broadly obovate, glabrous, the thin margin barely wrinkled: coma 3 cm. 
long. Flowers said to have the odor of the fragrant flowers of species of Butnera. 
In dry woods, Pennsylvania to Kentucky and Georgia. Summer. 
_ 6. Vincetoxicum obliquum (Jacq.) Britton. Stems high-climbing, puberulent and 
hirsute, often densely so at the base, rather slender above : leaf-blades 7-20 cm. long, 6-1 : 
cm. wide, broadly ovate, some of the larger ones orbicular-ovate, gradually or abruptly 
acuminate at the apex, deeply cordate at the base, with narrowly mostly closed sinus and in 
the larger leaves the.broad rounded lobes conspicuously overlapping (sometimes leaves ue 
found that are distinctly oblique at the base), minutely pubescent above, pubescent beneat 
and thinly hirsute on the veins: glands at the base of the midvein above, l-several or 
obsolete : umbel many-flowered, commonly cymosely compound, except on the upper por 
tion of the stem where they are simple and few-flowered : peduncles 3-8 cm. long, anche 
lent and hirsute: calyx-lobes lanceolate-subulate, puberulent and ciliolate, obscurely 
glandular in each sinus : corolla oblong-conic in bud ; lobes 10-14 mm. long, linear hee 
late, dark crimson-purple and glabrous within, dull greenish and puberulent on the outs! E 
crown 10-crenulate, the alternate thinner divisions truncate, entire or bifid, the others muc 
shorter, broadly rounded, thickened at the apparently double summit, the inner appendage 
tooth-like and simulating an internal crest: stigma depressed, 5-rayed: pollinia broa PA 
oblong : follicles 7-8 cm. long, slender, tapering to the acute apex, muricate with so 
spinous processes, minutely puberulent : seeds 7 mm. long : coma 2-2.5 cm. long. 
In thickets, Pennsylvania to Ohio, Virginia and Tennessee. Summer. 
7. Vincetoxicum Carolinénse (Jacq. ) Britton. Stems and petioles minutely p 
lent as well as thinly hirsute with spreading hairs: leaf-blades obovate, acute or 18 i y 
acuminate at the apex, deeply cordate at the base, with a narrow or closed sinus, 6- re 
long, 5-15 em. wide, closely and softly pubescent on both surfaces: peduncles eer ine 
pedicels 1-3 em. long : corolla brown-purple, oblong-conic in the bud, puberulent = out ; 
lobes linear-oblong, or linear-lanceolate, mostly obtuse, 12-15 mm. long: crown cup-s ies i 
10-parted, the alternate divisions bifid, the others shorter, rounded, mostly irregularly cr 
