976 POLEMONIACEAE 
FAMILY 5. POLEMONIACEAE Vent. Purox FAMILY. 
Annual or usually perennial herbs or shrubby plants. Leaves alternate or 
opposite, often crowded: blades entire or pinnately compound. Inflorescence 
paniculate, corymbose, sometimes clustered. Flowers perfect, regular or nearly 
so. Calyx of 5 partially united sepals. Corolla regular: limb five-lobed : lobes 
convolute in aestivation. Androecium of 5 often unequal stamens adnate to 
the corolla-tube. Anthers opening lengthwise and introrsely. Gynoecium of a 
single carpel. Ovary 3-celled with a thick axis. Styles united. Stigmas 3. 
Ovules solitary, erect, anatropous, or several in two series, ascending, amphitro- 
pous. Fruit a 3-celled loculicidal capsule: valves usually separating from the 
central axis to which the seeds are attached. Seeds solitary or several in each 
cavity, with a spongy or mucilaginous testa. Endosperm fleshy or horny. 
Embryo straight, axile. 
Calyx-tube distended and ruptured by the capsule at maturity. 
Corolla salverform: leaves opposite; blades entire. 1 PIRPOX: 
Corolla funnelform or rotate (in our species): leaves often alternate; blades 
commonly pinnatifid. 9. GILIA. 
Calyx-tube neither distended nor ruptured at maturity. 3. POLEMONIUM. 
1. PHLOX L. 
Annual or usually perennial, sometimes shrubby herbs, with erect or diffuse and creep- 
ing stems. Leaves opposite, or sometimes alternate above: blades entire. Flowers in 
terminal corymbose or panicled cymes. Calyx pedicelled: tube narrow, 5-ribbed : lobes 
5, often tooth-like. Corolla white, blue, purple or red, salverform: tube slender: lobes 
spreading, obovate to orbicular, or obcordate. Stamens 5, included. Filaments, unequally 
adnate to the corolla-tube. Ovules 1-5 in each cavity. Capsule included in the calyx- 
tube which it ruptures at maturity. Seeds sometimes narrowly winged, not emitting spiral 
threads when wetted. 
Calyx-lobes fully as long as the tube or much longer. 
Annual plants. s 
Corolla-tube not surpassing the calyx, glabrous : ovules 4 or 5 in each cavity. 1. P. Roemeriana. 
Corolla-tube surpassing the calyx, pubescent: ovule 1 in each cavity. 
Leaves mostly alternate ; blades thin. 
Stems mostly less than 10 cm. long: leaf-blades narrowed at the base : 
corolla-lobes about 6 mm. long. 2. P. tenuis. 
Stems mostly over 10 cm. long: leaf-blades broadest at the base: $ 
corolla-lobes about 10 mm. , 3. P. Drummondit. 
Leaves mostly opposite; blades thick. A CEU 
Stems villous-hirsute: leaf-blades bristly : capsules oblong. 4. P. villosissima. 
Stems scabrous-pubescent: leaf-blades slightly pubescent: capsules 
subglobose. 5. P. aspera. 
Perennial plants. 
Plants with prostrate or creeping sterile7shoots. 
Leaf-blades of theisterile shoots of a spatulate type, petioled. ; 6. P. nm 
Leaf-blades of the sterile shoots ofgan elliptic or oblong type, sessile. 7. P. divaricata. 
Plants without prostrate or creeping sterile shoots. 
Calyx-lobes linear-subulate, the tips not bristle-like. 
Cymes compact, involucrate : capsules less than 4 mm. long. 
Upper leaves with blunt or merely acute blades. 8. P. din ei 
Upper leaves with somewhat acuminate blades. 9. P. t iti dom. : 
Cymes open, not involucrate : capsules fully 5 mm. long. 10. P. Floridana. 
Calyx-lobes with bristle-like I» 1 
Calyx copiously pubescent : branches ofithe inflorescence closely pubes- 
cent. 11. P. pilosa. 
Calyx glabrous or nearly so: branches of the inflorescence glabrous or 
with few scattered hairs. ee 12. P. detonsa. 
Calyx-lobes shorter than the tube, sometimes apparently longer by the splitting of 
Poss pas 2 t 1 
ems prostrate, spreading, forming large mats. : ; 
Leaves little if at all P. eden en la-lobes cleft to the middle or below it. 13. P. bifida. 
d Leaves conspicuously or densely clustered : corolla-lobes entire or notehed. 
Calyx 4-6 mm. long : plants forming dense mats. Brittonii 
Upper part of plant glandular: corolla-lobes deeply notched. M. P. ^ M . 
Upper part of plant not glandular: corolla-lobes shallowly notched. m x Hen teii. 
Calyx 8-10 mm. long: plants not in dense mats. 
Stems erect or ascending, not forming mats. 
A. Calyx-lobes lanceolate, subulate-lanceolate or nearly triangular. 
a. Calyx-lobes i or 12 as long as the tube. 
Upper leaf-blades with broadly rounded or cordate bases ; lower leaves Kov 
vo, Hh petioled blades, penses de Pm 
P "c m obtuse or acute at the base; lower leaves wi 18. P. glaberrima. 
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