BORRAGINACEAE 999 
Corolla-lobes entire: all flowers complete. 
Stems hirsute: corolla-tube beardless at the base within. 6. L. canescens. 
Stems hispid: corolla-tube bearded at the base within. 7. L. Gmelinii. 
Corolla-lobes erose or laciniate: later flowers cleistogamous. 
Corolla-tube 2.5-3 em. long, the limb fully 1.5 em. wide. 8 
Corolla-tube 1-1.5 em. long, the limb less than 1.5 em. wide. 
Corolla-tube about 1.5 em. long, the limb over 1 em. wide. 9. L. Mandanense. 
Corolla-tube about 1 em. long, the limb less than 1 em. wide. 10. L. breviflorum. 
. L. linearifolium. 
1. Lithospermum arvénse L. Annual or biennial, hoary-strigose. Stems erect or 
spreading, 1-8 dm. long, branching, mainly near the base : leaf-blades linear-oblanceolate 
to linear-lanceolate, 1.5-5 cm. long, acutish, entire, sessile: racemes spike-like, inter- 
rupted : calyx bristly ; lobes linear or linear-subulate, 8-10 mm. long, ciliate: corolla 
white or tinged with pink, pubescent in throat ; tube funnelform ; limb 5 mm. broad, with 
9 oblong-ovate lobes : nutlets ovoid, 3 mm. long, pitted and wrinkled. 
In copses and waste places, Quebec to Ontario, Michigan, middle Georgia and Kansas. Naturalized 
from Europe. Spring ind summer. CORN GROMWELL. 
2. Lithospermum Matamorénse DC. Annual, hirsute or hispid. Stems more or 
less branched at the base; branches ascending or spreading, 1-3 dm. long: leaf-blades 
spatulate to oblong, obtuse or apiculate, entire, rough, sessile, or the lower with short 
petioles : racemes leafy, interrupted : pedicels very short: calyx bristly ; lobes linear, 3-5 
mm. long: corolla white; tube funnelform ; limb about 5 mm. broad : nutlets ovoid, 3 mm. 
long, shining, pitted. 
In sandy soil, Texas and adjacent Mexico. Spring. 
3. Lithospermum miràbile Small. Perennial, resembling L. Matamorense in habit. 
Branches strigose : leaves various, those of the basal leaves narrowly spatulate to oblanceo- 
late, 3-5 cm. long, those of the cauline leaves broadly linear to oblong-linear, 2-3 cm. 
long, mainly obtuse, entire, copiously pubescent: flowers axillary to leaf-like bracts, early 
separated, short-pedicelled : calyx bristly ; lobes linear, becoming 6-8 mm. long, persistent : 
nutlets triangular or ovoid-triangular, about 3.5 mm. long, densely papillose, spurred on 
both sides near the base, sharply keeled on the inner side. 
On plains, San Antonio, Texas. Spring. 
4. Lithospermum latifólium Michx.  Perennial, strigillose. Stems 3-7 dm. tall, 
sparingly branched: leaf-blades elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4-12 cm. long, acuminate, 
undulate, 4-8-ribbed beneath, narrowed into short petioles: pedicels axiliary, 2-10 mm. 
long: calyx strigillose ; lobes linear, 5-10 mm. long: corolla yellowish white or pale yel- 
low, about 5 mm. long; tube funnelform ; limb 6-7 mm. broad: nutlets ovoid, 3-3.5 mm, 
long, whitish, lustrous, sparingly pitted. 
In dry soil, Ontario to Minnesota, Virginia and Tennessee. Spring and summer. 
5. Lithospermum tuberósum Rugel. Perennial, hispid, the roots bearing elongated 
tubers. Stems 2-7 dm. tall, sparingly branched above: basal leaves with spatulate or oblong- 
spatulate blades, 8-20 cm. long, rather densely hispid above: stem-leaves 2-10 cm. long, 
oblanceolate to oblong or ovate-oblong : pedicels axillary, 1-3 mm. long: calyx bristly ; 
lobes linear or linear-spatulate, 3-6 mm. long: corolla yellowish white, 4-6 mm. long ; 
lobes oblong or nearly so, shorter than the tube: nutlets oval-obovoid, 2 mm. long, whitish, 
lustrous, sparingly pitted. 
On river bluffs, Tennessee to Florida and Texas. Spring. 
6. Lithospermum canéscens ( Michx.) Lehm. Perennial, hirsute, or canescent when 
young. Stems usually clustered, 1-4 dm. tall, branching above: leaves rather numerous ; 
blades linear to oblong or sometimes ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, sessile or nearly so: calyx 
short-pedicelled ; lobes 2-5 mm. long, linear or nearly so: corolla orange-yellow, about 1 
em. long; tube funnelform, prominently crested in the throat ; limb 10-14 mm. broad, with 
rounded lobes: nutlets ovoid, 2.5 mm. long, lustrous, keeled. 
In dry soil, Ontario to the Northwest Territory, Georgia and Arizona. Spring, 
7. Lithospermum Gmélini (Michx.) A. S. Hitchcock. Perennial, hirsute or hispid. 
Stems usually clustered, 1-5 dm. tall, simple or sparingly branched above: leaf-blades 
variable, the lower reduced to scales, the others linear to lanceolate or oblong, 1-5 cm. 
long, obtuse or apiculate, entire, sessile or nearly so: calyx short-pedicelled ; lobes lanceo- 
late or narrowly lanceolate, 6-10 mm. long, acute : corolla bright orange, 1.2-1.6 cm. long ; 
tube surpassing the calyx, nearly cylindric; lobes rounded, undulate, shorter than the 
tube: nutlets ovoid, 3-3.5 mm. long, lustrous. 
In dry soil or woods, New York to Minnesota, Florida and New Mexico. Spring. 
8. Lithospermum linearifólium Goldie. Perennial, strigose. Stems tufted, usually 
1-3 dm. long, simple or sparingly branched above: leaves numerous ; blades linear, diffuse 
or linear-lanceolate, acute, entire, sessile or nearly so: calyx short-pedicelled ; lobes linear, 
