1000 BORRAGINACEAE 
5-10 mm. long: corollas of 2 kinds, the earlier of a bright yellow color, with tube 2.5-3 
em. long, crested in the throat and rounded lacerate lobes, the later form not surpassing 
the calyx, pale-yellow : nutlets oblong-ovoid, 3-4 mm. long, keeled, sparingly pitted. 
In dry soil, often on prairies, Manitoba to British Columbia, Illinois, Texas and Arizona. Spring 
and summer. 
9. Lithospermum Mandanénse Spreng. Perennial, strigose. Stems tufted, typically 
less than 2 dm. tall, commonly simple: leaf-blades linear or nearly so, 2-5 em. long: corol- 
liferous flowers clustered : corolla yellow ; tube about 1.5 cm. long ; limb over 1 em. wide, 
the lobes erose : nutlets ovoid, about 3 mm. long. 
On plains and in woods, Alberta to Texas and Arizona. Spring and summer. 
10. Lithospermum breviflorum Engelm. & Gray. Perennial, strigose, similar to 
L. Mandanense in habit but often more slender and taller. Stems tufted, typically over 
2 dm. tall, commonly branched : leaf-blades narrowly linear, 1.5—4 cm. long : corolliferous 
flowers clustered: corolla yellow ; tube about 1 cm. long; limb less than 1 cm. wide, the 
lobes erose : nutlets 3.5-4 mm. long, strongly keeled. 
On plains and prairies, Colorado to Texas. Spring and summer. 
7. ONOSMODIUM Michx.! 
Perennial coarse caulescent herbs, with pubescent foliage. Leaves alternate : blades 
prominently nerved. Flowers in terminal scorpioid spikes or racemes. Calyx pubescent : 
lobes 5, narrow. Corolla white, greenish or yellowish, tubular or tubular-funnelform, the 
tube surpassing the calyx, without appendages, but with the sinuses often inflexed, and 
a 10-lobed band within near the base : lobes 5, often erect. Stamens 5, included : anthers 
almost sessile, glabrous, the lobes diverging. Ovary of 4 slightly united carpels. Nutlets 
4, or usually only 1 or 2 maturing, white, smooth and shiny or sparingly pitted, attached 
to the receptacle by their bases. FALSE GROMWELL. 
Bracts broad, of an ovate type, rounded at the base. 1. O. Helleri. 
Bracts narrow, tapering at the base. 
Corolla-lobes triangular-ovate. 
Stem below the branches of the inflorescence more or less hairy. 
Nutlets strongly constricted at the base. 
Nutlets not constricted at the base. 
Corolla-lobes long-acuminate. 
Corolla-lobes meiely acute. 
Stem below the branches of the inflorescence glabrous. . O. subsetosum. 
Corolla-lobes lanceolate-subulate. . O. Virginianum. 
1. Onosmodium Hélleri Small. Rootstock horizontal. Foliage hispid: stems 3-6 
dm. tall, simple or sparingly branched above: leaves rather few ; blades oblong or spatu- 
late-oblong below to ovate above, 5-10 cm. long, obtuse, undulate, hispid above, rather 
more softly pubescent beneath, subsessile or the lower narrowed into short petioles : 
racemes leafy-bracted ; rachis zigzag: pedicels erect or strongly ascending, 1-1.5 cm. long, 
with spreading hairs: calyx bristly ; lobes linear or barely enlarged upward, 8-10 mm. 
long: corolla 8-10 mm. long ; lobes lanceolate : nutlets 3 mm. long, pitted. 
On prairies or plains, Texas. Spring. 
. 2. Onosmodium Carolinianum (Lam.) A. DC. Foliage hispid. Stems 5-12 dm. 
tall, branching above: leaves numerous ; blades oblong to oblong- or Linear lane 
3-12 cm. long, acute, hispid on both sides, sessile or nearly so: racemes leafy-bracte : 
pedicels 4 mm. long or less : calyx somewhat bristly ; lobes linear, obtusish, 4-6 mm. long: 
corolla yellowish white, 8-16 mm. long; tube funnelform ; lobes triangular-ovate, waits 
little canescent without but with a strongly developed apical tuft of hairs: nutlets ovoid, 
2 mm. or 4 mm. long, acutish, smooth or sparingly pitted. 
In dry soil, Ontario to Minnesota, Georgia and Texas. Spring to fall. 
3. Onosmodium Bejariénse DC. Foliage hispid. Stems 3-9 dm. tall, ra or 
sparingly branched above: leaves rather numerous ; blades oblong or oblong-oblanceo = 
3-12 cm. long, apiculate or acutish, hirsute-strigose above, more softly pubescent se 
usually noticeably paler beneath, sessile or nearly so: pedicels 6 mm. long or less or calyx 
sessile ; lobes linear, erect, 6-10 mm. long: corolla whitish ; tube funnelform, UAn 
long; lobes triangular-ovate, long-acuminate, about } as long as the tube, sparing!y 
pubescent without: nutlets 1.5-3 mm. long, minutely pitted. 
In dry soil, Texas. Spring. 
4. Onosmodium mólle Michx. Foliage strigose or hispid-strigose. Stems einige 
tall, sparingly branched above: leaves numerous ; blades oblong or cllipGe lances ari 
linear-oblong, 2-6 cm. long, acute or obtusish, prominently nerved beneath, densely $ 
to 
. O. Carolinianum. 
O. Bejariense. 
. O. molle. 
ouo 
! Revised by Mr. K. K. Mackenzie. 
