HELIOTROPIACEAE 1005 
stamens included : fruit depressed, lobed, 2.5-3 mm. broad with 2-3 nutlets, or sometimes 
solitary. 
In sand, Florida Keys. Also in the West Indies and tropical America. 
2. Tournefortia gnaphaloides (Jacq.) R. Br. An erect somewhat fleshy shrub, 
3-12 dm. tall, with silky tomentose foliage. Leaves numerous; blades linear-spatulate, 
4-10 em. long, obtuse, often imbricated : cymes with 2-4 recurved branches: calyx cam- 
panulate ; lobes 2-3 mm. long, oblong: corolla white, surpassing the calyx : stamens in- 
cluded : fruit ovoid, 5 mm. high, black, with 2 nutlets. 
Along the coast, Florida Keys. Also in the West Indies. 
2. HELIOTROPIUM L. 
Annual or perennial caulescent herbs or shrubs, with usually pubescent foliage. 
Leaves alternate or rarely nearly opposite: blades various. Flowers usually in terminal 
often scorpioid spikes or racemes, or rarely axillary. Calyx-lobes 5, narrow. Corolla 
often colored : tube cylindric, often naked at the throat : lobes 5, imbricated or induplicate, 
inflexed at the tip. Stamens 5, included: filaments short, adnate to the corolla-tube. 
Anther-sacs sometimes appendaged at the tip. Ovary 4-celled or 2-celled, with 2 more or 
less intruding placentae : styles united. Ovules pendulous from lateral attachments. Fruit 
4-grooved or 4-lobed, or sometimes didymous, but separating into 4 nutlets. The plants 
flower mainly from spring to fall. HELIOTROPE. 
Anthers unappendaged. 
The 4 nutlets of the fruit early separating from each other. 
Foliage pubescent: anthers obtuse or merely mucronate. I. H. Europaeum. 
Foliage merely glaucous : anthers acuminate. 2. H. Curassavicum. 
The nutlets of the fruit persistently united by pairs, ultimately separating. : 
Each nutlet 2-celled and 2-seeded. j 3. H. parviflorum. 
Each nutlet with 2 seed-bearing and 2-4 empty cavities. . 4. H. Indicum. 
Anthers terminating in an appendage, sometimes glandular-hairy. 
Inflorescence bractless. x : 
Fruit 4-lobed, about 1.5 mm. broad: corolla-lobes acute. 9. H. inundatum. 
Fruit 2-lobed, 2.5-3 mm. broad : corolla-lobes obtuse. 6. H. glabriusculum. 
Inflorescence bracted. 3 
Spikes or racemes scorpioid. 
Corolla golden yellow. 7. H. Leavenworthii. 
Corolla white. 8. H. polyphyllum. 
Spikes or racemes not scorpioid. 
Flowers terminating short branchlets. 9. H. tenellum. 
Flowers, or some of them, sessile in the axils of leaf-like bracts. 
Perennial plants: foliage silky hirsute. 
Annual plants, strigose-hirsute. 11. 
1. Heliotropium Europaéum L. Annual, cinereous-pubescent. Stems 1-5 dm. tall, 
branching: leaf-blades oblong or oval, sometimes varying to ovate or obovate, 2-6 cm. 
long, obtuse or acutish, undulate ; petioles about as long as the blades or shorter: spikes 
solitary or several together, elongating in age, scorpioid : calyx sessile; lobes oblong or 
oblong-lanceolate, 2 mm. long : corolla white or bluish ; tube about as long as the calyx ; 
limb angulately 5-lobed, 3-4 mm. broad: fruit broader than high, about 3 mm. broad : 
nutlets slightly hispid. 
In waste places, New York to Florida. Naturalized from Europe. : 
2. Heliotropium Curassávicum L. Annual, or mostly perennial, fleshy, glaucous. 
Stems diffusely branched, the branches 1-4 dm. long: leaves succulent ; blades spatulate 
varying to linear or obovate, obtuse, narrowed into thick petioles : spikes solitary or 2 
together, simple or forked, elongating, scorpioid : calyx sessile ; lobes lanceolate to oblong- 
lanceolate, 1.5 mm. long, acute : corolla white, with a yellow center, turning blue; limb 
LN mm. broad, with 5 rounded lobes: fruit 2-2.5 mm. broad, surpassed by the calyx- 
obes. 
th r I coast, Virginia to Florida and Texas and on the Pacific coast. Also in,the warmer parts of 
e worid. 
3. Heliotropium parvifldrum L. Annual, more or less densely pubescent. Stems 
2-7 dm. tall, branching : leaves rather numerous ; blades elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 2-6 
em. long, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, narrowed into short petioles : spikes soli- 
tary or in pairs, slender, 5-15 cm. long : calyx sessile; lobes lanceolate or linear, acute : 
corolla white ; tube about as long as the calyx, bearded in the throat ; limb about 2 mm. 
broad : fruit much depressed, 2 mm. long, surpassing the calyx-lobes: 
In sand, Florida Keys and southern Texas. Also in tropical America. 
10. H. confertifolium. 
H. phyllostachyum. 
4. Heliotropium Índicum L. Annual, coarse, more or less densely hirsute. Stems 
* 1-7 dm. tall, branching : leaf-blades ovate, oval or oblong, 2-10 cm. long, obtuse or acutish, 
