1008 VERBENACEAE 
1. VERBENA L. 
Annual biennial or perennial herbs or shrubby plants. Leaves opposite: blades. 
entire, toothed, cleft or dissected. Flowers in spikes. Calyx sessile: tube often funnel- 
form or salverform. Corolla white or of various colors: tube straight or curved : lobes 5, 
nearly equal, or unequal and the limb 2-lipped. Stamens 4, didynamous or rarely 2, 
included. Anthers with connectives sometimes furnished with a gland. Ovary 4-celled : 
stigma 2-lobed, one lobe stigmatic. Ovules solitary in each cavity. Fruit an aggregate 
of 4 nutlets enclosed in the calyx, without a stylopodium. VERBENA. 
Anthers not appendaged. 
Spikes very slender and much interrupted at maturity. 
Leaf-blades 1-2 pinnately cleft or incised. 
Bract much shorter than the calyx at maturity. 
Fruit little longer than thick. 1. V. officinalis. 
Fruit about twice as long as thick. ; 
Bracts as long as the calyxes during anthesis. 2. V. riparia. 
Bracts 15 as long as the calyxes during anthesis. 3. V. Halei. 
Bract about as long as the calyx at maturity, or about equalling it. 4. V. xutha. 
Leaf-blades merely toothed. 
Leaf-blades petioled : bract less than 4 as long as the calyx : fruit little 
longer than thick. v 
Mature sepals little longer than the fruit, the tips not meeting over the 
top. 5. V. urticaefolia. 
Mature sepals much longer than the fruit, converging over the top 
and meeting. 6. V. polystachya. 
Leaf-blades sessile: bract over 14 as long as the calyx: fruit about twice : ) 
as long as thick. 7. V. Carolinensis. 
Spikes stout, continuous by the imbricated or contiguous fruits or, if interrupted 
below, bract as long as the calyx or surpassing it. 
Corolla-limb 2-9 mm. broad. 
Bract shorter than the calyx. 
Spikes sessile or nearly so: corolla-limb 8-9 mm. broad: pubescence : 
dense, soft. 8. V. stricta. 
Spikes peduncled: corolla-limb 2.5-6 mm. broad : pubescence sparse, 
rigid or wanting. 
Spikes elongated, 6-20 cm. long, many times longer than thick. 
Leaf-blades of a lanceolate type, petioled. 9. V. hastata. 
Leaf-blades of a linear type, sessile. 10. V. angustifolia. 
Spikes short and stout, 2-4 cm. long, commonly 4-5 times longer 
than thick. rue H 
Leaf-blades sessile : spikes not crowded. 11. V. littoralis. 
Leaf-blades clasping : spikes crowded. 12. V. Bonariensis. 
Bract as long as the calyx or longer. 
Stems upright. 2 
Spikes stout, 2-5 em. long, dense: bract conspicuously surpassing 
MN the calyx ; corolla-limb 6-7 mm. broad. s i 13. V. venosa. 
pikes elongated, interrupted : bract as long as the calyx or a lit- ë ; 
tle longer : corolla-limb about 4 mm. broad. 14. V. Neo-Mexicana- 
Stems branched at the base, the branches prostrate or decumbent. 15. V. bracteosa, 
Corolla-limb 10-13 mm. broad. 16. V. Tampensts. 
Anthers of the longer stamens appendaged by a gland on the connective. 
Calyx-lobes subulate: corolla 8-15 mm. long. 
Corolla-tube about 14 longer than the calyx, the limb 7-8 mm. wide. 17. V. ciliata. 
Corolla-tube slightly longer than the calyx, the limb 3-4 mm. wide. 18. V. pumila. 
Calyx-lobes setaceous-tipped : corolla 15-25 mm. long. 
Corolla-tube about 12 longer than the calyx, the limb 8-10 mm. wide. 
Bracts setaceous-attenuate, longer than the calyx at maturity: leaf-seg- 
ments typically linear. 19, V. bipianatitda- 
+ Braets narrowly lanceolate, shorter than the calyx at maturity : leaf-seg- a brosifolia 
ments typically lanceolate. DO V, amo 5 
Corolla-tube about twice as long as the calyx, the limb 11-15 mm. wide. Drummond 
Leaf-blades pinnatifid or bipinnatifid. 21. V. G : 
Leaf-blades merely incised or incised-lobed. 
E pi at the te 
Leaf. Sata typically of a lanceolate type, more or less cuneate 22. V. Lamberti. 
ase, 
- i > ate at F: 
Leaf. E un Sea premis of an ovate type, cordate or broadly truncate 93. V. Canadensis. 
1. Verbena officinalis L. Annual, slender. Stems 3-6 dm. tall, branching, Dei 
glabrous: leaves 2-6 cm. long ; blades ovate to oblong or lanceolate in outline, 1- Pei 
natifid, more or less incised : spikes very slender : calyx minutely puberulent to 2 
lose, becoming about 2 mm. long: corolla blue or purple; tube 3 mm. long ; limb 4 mm. 
broad : nutlets oblong, barely 2 mm. long. $ 1 
In waste places and dry soil, Maine to Texas and Florida. Native of the Old World. Spring to fall. 
2. Verbena ripària Raf. Annual, stoutish. Stems 6-15 dm. tall, sparingly, p oe 
cent, widely branching: leaf-blades oblong to ovate, 4-12 cm. long, pinnatifid or bis lv 
3-parted below, prominently nerved beneath : spikes slender, interrupted : calyx minute!) 
