VERBENACEAE 1009 
glandular-pubescent, becoming 3 mm. long : corolla light blue ; tube surpassing the calyx ; 
limb 3.5 mm. long: nutlets oblong, 2-2.5 mm. long. 
On river banks, New Jersey to Virginia and North Carolina. Summer. 
3. Verbena Halei Small. Annual, slender. Stems 2-9 dm. tall, glabrous, or 
strigillose above, branching near the top or rarely at the base: leaves 3-10 cm. long ; blades 
various, those of the basal and lower stem-leaves oblong to ovate, irregularly toothed and 
incised, long-petioled, those on middle part of stem commonly broader, 1—2-pinnatifid, 
those of the upper leaves sparingly toothed or entire : spikesslender: calyx becoming 3-3.5 
mm. long, strigillose : corolla blue ; tube about 3 mm. long; limb 6-7 mm. broad: nutlets 
linear-oblong, about 2.5 mm. long. 
In sandy soil, Indian Territory to Louisiana and Texas. Spring and summer. 
4. Verbena xütha Lehm. Perennial, or perhaps annual, pubescent. Stems 6-10 dm. 
tall, simple or sparingly branched : leaf-blades incised-pinnatifid, or 3-parted on the lower 
part of stem, strigose to canescent, the segments coarsely toothed to laciniate : spikes rather 
slender, strict : calyx becoming 4 mm. long, strigose ; lobes acuminate, pubescent : corolla 
blue to purple ; tube shorter than the calyx ; limb 3.5-4 mm. broad : nutlets narrowly 
oblong, about 2 mm. long. 
In open grounds, Louisiana, Texas and California to Mexico. Spring to fall. 
5. Verbena urticaefólia L. Annual or perennial, sparingly pubescent with spread- 
ing hairs, or glabrous. Stems 4-15 dm. tall, often much branched : leaf-blades broadly 
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, or sometimes ovate or oval, 8-20 cm. long, coarsely and 
doubly crenate-serrate, the rounded or subcordate base decurrent on the petiole: spikes 
slender, interrupted: calyx 2 mm. long; lobes slightly longer than the fruit, but the tips 
not meeting over its top: corolla white, 4 mm. long ; tube cylindric, curved, pubescent in 
the throat: nutlets oblong, 2.2 mm. long, smooth. 
In waste places or on roadsides, New Brunswick to Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Summer. 
6. Verbena polystáchya H.B.K. Similar to V. urticaefolia in habit. Leaf-blades 
relatively smaller and thicker, commonly less gradually acute or acuminate, coarsely rough- 
pubescent : spikes usually copiously and rather closely flowered: calyx-lobes acuminate or 
slenderly acute, much longer that the fruit over whose top they converge and meet. 
In dry or sandy soil, Florida, through the Gulf States to California. Also in tropical America 
Spring to fall. 
7. Verbena Carolinénsis (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. Perennial, scabro-pubescent. Stems 
2-8 dm. tall, simple, or sparingly branched above : leaf-blades spatulate to oblong or oblong- 
hastate above, 2-10 cm. long, more or less doubly serrate, prominently nerved beneath : 
spikes slender, becoming interrupted : bracts lanceolate, shorter than the calyxes: calyx 
becoming about 4 mm. long, minutely glandular-pubescent ; lobes acute: corolla pink or 
bluish, pilose without; tube surpassing the calyx: limb 5-6 mm. broad: nutlets 3 mm. 
long, glabrous. 
In sandy soil or sand, Virginia to Florida and Alabama. Spring. 
8. Verbena stricta Vent. Perennial, densely pubescent with pale hairs. Stems 
rather stout, 2-12 dm. tall, simple or branching above: leaf-blades oblong, oval or sub- 
orbicular, 3-10 em. long, sharply doubly serrate or incised, rugose, sessile or nearly 80: 
spikes stout: bracts lanceolate, as long as the calyxes: calyx hirsute, becoming 5 mm. 
long ; lobes acuminate: corolla deep blue ; tube slightly surpassing calyx, pubescent; limb 
8-9 mm. broad: nutlets linear, 3.5 mm. long, glabrous, strongly reticulated. 
a [n dry soil, Minnesota to Pennsylvania, Texas and New Mexico. Naturalized eastward. Summer 
and fall. 
9. Verbena hastàta L. Perennial, rough-pubescent with short” ascending hairs. 
Stems 4-15 dm. tall, often branched above ; leaf-blades lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or some- 
times oblong-lanceolate, 4-12 cm. long, acute or acuminate, sharply and doubly serrate, often 
incised and hastate at the base : spikes erect, narrow, 2-15 cm. long, continuous : calyx 2.5 
mm. long, pubescent; lobes triangular-ovate, acute: corolla purplish blue, 4-4.5 mm. 
broad ; tube pubescent without : nutlets linear, fully 1.5 mm. long, smooth. 
In waste places and thickets, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, Florida and New Mexico. Summer. 
10. Verbena angustifdlia Michx. Perennial, puberulent or sparsely pubescent. 
Stems commonly branched, 1-5 dm. tall, the branches mostly erect: leaf-blades linear, 
linear-oblong or linear-spatulate at the base of the stem, 2-10 cm. long, distantly or 
coarsely serrate, rugose: spikes strict, commonly continuous: calyx nearly glabrous, be- 
coming 4 mm. long; lobes acuminate : corolla blue, pubescent without ; tube much sur- 
passing the calyx, sparingly pubescent ; limb 5-6 mm. broad : nutlets linear, 3 mm. long, 
glabrous, prominently reticulated. 
In dry soil, Massachusetts to Wisconsin, Florida, Mississippi and Missouri. Summer. 
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