1010 . VERBENACEAE 
11. Verbena littoralis H.B.K. Annual, finely pubescent above, the hairs stiff, not 
spreading. Stems 6-10 dm. tall, rather sparingly branched: leaf-blades lanceolate to 
elliptic or linear-oblong, 3-8 cm. long, sharply serrate from below the middle to the 
apex, sessile: spikes dense, 1.5—3.5 cm. long, less than 5 mm. thick, in corymbose cymes 
but not crowded : calyx minutely pubescent, becoming 3.5 or 4 mm. long; lobes acumi- 
nate : corolla pubescent ; tube about 3 longer than the calyx ; limb 2.5 mm. broad : nutlets 
1.5 mm. long, glabrous. 
In waste places, North Carolinato Florida. Naturalized from Mexico and South America. Summer. 
12. Verbena Bonariénsis L. Annual, villous-hirsute above. Stems 6-12 dm. tall, 
branching above: leaf-blades oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long, serrate with 
broad teeth or nearly entire below the middle, partly clasping: spikes 0.5-2.5 cm. long, 
about 5 mm. thick, in rather compact cymes: calyx delicately pubescent, becoming 3-3.5 
mm. long; lobesacute: corolla pubescent without ; tube nearly twice as long as the calyx ; 
limb 2 mm. broad : nutlets about 2 mm. long, glabrous. 
In waste places and shaded banks, South Carolina. Nativeof South America. Spring and summer. 
13. Verbena venósa Gillies & Hook. Annual, finely pubescent. Stems 2-6 dm. 
tall, rather widely branched above : leaf-blades oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 4-12 cm. long, 
acute, sharply and coarsely serrate, sessile and more or less clasping, nerves conspicuous, 
impressed above, prominent beneath: spikes narrowly cylindric, becoming 2-5 cm. long: 
calyx becoming 4-5 mm. long; lobes very short, unequal : corolla lilac or bluish, pubes- 
cent ; tube fully twice as long as the calyx; limb 6-7 mm. broad. 
In waste places, near Houston, Texas. Naturalized from South America. Summer. 
14. Verbena Néo-Mexicàna (A. Gray) Small. Annual or perennial, canescent- 
hirsute. Stems branched at the base; branches 1-3 dm. tall: leaf-blades firm, 1-5 cm. 
long, ovate to linear in outline, coarsely toothed, incised or pinnatifid, with broadly 
margined bases, prominently nerved beneath: spikes interrupted, conspicuously bracted : 
corolla purple or whitish ; tube slightly surpassing the calyx; limb about 4 mm. broad: 
nutlets linear-oblong, 2 mm. long, strongly reticulated except at the base. 
In dry soil, Texas and New Mexico. Spring. 
15. Verbena bractedsa Michx. Annual or perennial, hirsute. Stems branched at 
the base; branches prostrate or procumbent, 1-5 dm. long, more or less branched : leaf- 
blades pinnatifid, 1-6 cm. long, prominently nerved beneath in age : spikes conspicuously 
bracted, continuous or nearly so: bracts much longer than the calyxes: calyx bristly, 
becoming 3 mm. long; lobes acute: corolla purple or bluish ; tube about twice as long as 
the calyx ; limb about 2 mm. broad: nutlets linear, 2 mm. long, strongly reticulated. 
_In waste places and on prairies, Minnesota to British Columbia, Georgia, Florida, Texas and Cali- 
fornia. Spring and summer. 
16. Verbena Tampénsis Nash. Perennial, glabrate or strigillose. Stems often 
branched at the base, the branches 1-6 dm. long: leaf-blades ovate to oblong, 2-8 cm. 
long, coarsely serrate or incised, cuneate at the base: spikes 2-10 cm. long, at length inter- 
rupted : bracts about 3 as long as the calyxes: calyx 12-15 mm. long; lobes subulate, 2-4 
mm. long: corolla purple; tube pubescent without and at throat, 1.5 cm. long; limb 
10-13 mm. broad : anthers without glands on the connective : nutlets 4 mm. long, ridged, 
enlarged at the base, pitted above the middle. 
Insand, peninsular Florida. Spring to fall. 
17. Verbena ciliata Benth. Mainly perennial. Stem branched at the base, the 
branches 5-20 cm. long, hirsute : leaf-blades 1.5-3 cm. long, once or twice 3-cleft or parted, 
the segments narrow : calyx becoming 7 or 8 mm. long ; lobes subulate : corolla 10-15 mm. 
long ; tube about 3 longer than the calyx ; limb 7-8 mm. wide: nutlets fully 3 mm. long, 
strongly wrinkled. 
On plains or dry hills, Colorado to Texas and Mexico. Spring to fall. : 
18. Verbena pümila Rydb. Similar to V. ciliata in habit. Leaf-blades typically 
less deeply and less finely cut: calyx becoming about 6 mm. long ; lobes subulate: coro r 
8-10 mm. long ; tube slightly longer than the calyx: limb 3-4 mm. wide: nutlets barely 
3 mm. long, wrinkled. 
In dry soil, the Indian Territory and Texas. Spring and summer. 
19. Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. Perennial, sometimes flowering the first year. 
Stems often branched at the base, the branches 1—4 dm. long, hirsute : leaf-blades 2-5 E 
long, bipinnately parted, and often primarily 3-divided, the segments ty pically e 
calyx becoming 9 or 10 mm. long ; lobes setaceous-tipped, surpassed by the bracts: coro 
limb 7-9 mm. wide: nutlets 3 mm. long, prominently wrinkled above. 
On plains or in dry ground, South Dakota to Louisiana, Texas and Mexico. Spring and summos 
