RHINANTHACEAE 1057 
6. MAURANDIA Ortega. 
Annual or perennial herbs, with spreading or climbing stems. Leaves alternate, or 
opposite below: blades flat, hastate, angulate or coarsely toothed. Flowers on axillary 
pedicels. Sepals partially united. Corolla showy, pink, purple or violet, irregular: tube 
scarcely gibbous at the base, with 2 often pubescent lines or plaits in the throat. Stamens 
4, included : filaments thickened at the apex. Anther-sacs often confluent. Styles with 
2 dilated lobes at the apex. Ovules numerous. Capsule short, opening by transverse or 
irregular chinks. Seeds sometimes winged, wrinkled or tuberculate. 
1. Maurandia Wislizéni Engelm. Stems glabrous, usually low-climbing : leaf-blades 
hastate or some of them sagittate, 1-4 cm. long, all but the lower ones with acute or acumi- 
nate tips and basal lobes: pedicels much shorter than the petioles: calyx-lobes linear- 
lanceolate, becoming rigid, triangular-lanceolate, prominently reticulated, saccate and 
keeled near the base and often 2 cm. long at maturity : corolla pale or purplish blue, 2-2.5 
em. long : style becoming sword-like, surmounting the globose-ovoid capsule which is usu- 
ally about 1 cm. high: seeds narrowly winged. 
In dry soil, southern Texas to New Mexico and Mexieo. Spring to fall. 
7. COLLINSIA Nutt. 
Annual caulescent herbs. Leaves opposite or whorled: blades flat, often narrow, 
entire or toothed. Flowers solitary or clustered in the upper axils. Calyx-lobes 5. Cor- 
olla white, pink, violet or variegated, 2-lipped : tube short, the middle lobe of the lower lip 
involute. Stamens 4, declined, enclosed in the middle lobe of the lower lip of the coroila. 
Staminodium gland-like near the base of the corolla tube. Anther-sacs confluent near the 
top. Styles united. Capsule globose or ovoid, the 2 valves each 2-cleft. Seeds peltate, 
concave on the inner side. 
Pedicels as long as the corollas: corolla-lobes deeply notched or cleft. 1. C. violacea. 
Pedicels longer than the corollas : corolla-lobes retuse or emarginate. 2. C. verna. 
1. Collinsia violàcea Nutt. Stems 0.5-2 dm. tall, often branching. Leaf-blades 
suborbicular to oblong, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 0.5-4 cm. long, undulate or spar- 
ingly serrate, the upper ones sessile: flowers 2-4 in a whorl : calyx finely pubescent ; lobes 
lanceolate, about as long as the tube: corolla violet, about 1 cm. long, and as long as the 
pedicel, the upper lip much smaller than the lower, all the lobes deeply notched or cleft : 
capsules subglobose, 4-5 mm. in diameter. 
On prairies, Kansas to Arkansas and the Indian Territory. Spring. 
2. Collinsia vérna Nutt. Stems 1-5 dm. tall, sometimes branche] at the base. 
Leaf-blades suborbicular or ovate at the base of the stem to ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceo- 
late above, 0.5-5 cm. long, undulate or sharply serrate, the upper partly clasping : flowers 
often 6 in a whorl or sometimes solitary: calyx glabrous; lobes lanceolate: corolla about 1 
em. long, shorter than the pedicel ; the lower lip bright blue, the upper white or purplish, 
the lobes of both lips retuse or emarginate : capsules oval-globose, 4-5 mm. long. 
In moist woods and copses, New York and Wisconsin to Minnesota, south to Kentucky and the 
Indian Territory. Spring. 
8. SCROPHULARIA L. 
Perennial, caulescent, strong-scented herbs. Leaves opposite : blades flat, broadest 
below the middle, toothed or incised. Flowers proterogynous, in terminal panicled cymes. 
Calyx-lobes 5, relatively broad. Corolla purple, yellowish or green, 2-lipped : tube neither 
gibbous nor spurred at the base, the upper lip erect, the middle lobe of the lower lip 
spreading or reflexed. Stamens 4: sterile filament scale-like on the upper side of the 
corolla : anther-sacs confluent. Styles united. Ovules numerous. Capsule ovoid. Seeds 
wingless, wrinkled. Fiawort. 
Leaf-blades serrulate. 1. S. serrulata. 
Leaf-blades coarsely serrate or incised. 
Corolla dull without: sterile filament deep purple. 
Leaf-blades glabrous beneath or essentially sol: corolla 4-6 mm. long: capsules 
mostly Jess than 6 mm. long. 
Leaf-blades closely pubescent beneath : corolla 8-9 mm. long: capsules mostly 
over 6 mm. long. : 
Corolla lustrous without: sterile filament greenish yellow. 
67 
2. S. Marylandica. 
8. S. neglecta. 
