RHINANTHACEAE 1071 
3. Veronica arvénsis L. Annual, finely pubescent. Stemssimple and erect or diffusely 
branched, 0.5-3 dm. tall: leaves opposite; blades ovate to oval, 5-12 mm. long, crenate, 
abruptly narrowed into short petioles, or the upper ones sessile: pedicels shorter than the 
subtending bracts: sepals glandular-pubescent, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1-2.5 mm. 
long: corolla 1.5-2 mm. broad ; the lobes surpassing the calyx: capsules 3 mm. broad, 
deeply notched at the apex. 
In dry, mostly cultivated soil, Nova Scotia to Ontario and Minnesota, south to Florida, Texas and 
Kansas. Naturalized from Europe. Spring and summer. 
4. Veronica peregrina L. Annual, glabrous or glandular-pubescent. Stems 0.5-4 
dm. tall, simple or branched, especially below: leaves opposite; blades leathery-fleshy, 
oblanceolate to oblong or linear, 1-3 cm. long, obtuse, crenate or serrate-dentate, or entire 
above: pedicels much shorter than the subtending bracts: sepals linear or slightly broadest 
above the middle: corolla 2-3 mm. broad: capsules 4 mm. broader than high, deeply 
notched, glabrous. 
. In low grounds and fields, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to Florida, Mexico and Califor- 
nia. Spring to fall. 
5. Veronica serpyllifolia L. Perennial, glabrous or puberulent. Stems often de- 
cumbent and creeping, branched at the base, 0.5-2.5 dm. long: leaves opposite ; blades 
oblong, oval or suborbieular, 5-15 mm. long, obtuse, entire or crenulate, often short-peti- 
oled : pedicels shorter than the subtending bracts: sepals nearly glabrous, oblong to ob- 
long-cuneate, 1-2 mm. long, obtuse: corolla white or purplish, 2-3 mm. broad, the lobes 
surpassing the calyx: capsules 3 mm. broad, ciliate, truncate or retuse at the apex, 
minutely pubescent. 
In fields and thickets, Labrador to Alaska, south to Georgia, Texas and California. Almost cosmo- 
politan. Spring to fall. 
6. Veronica officinalis L. Perennial, softly pubescent. Stems prostrate and creep- 
ing, 0.5-3 dm. long, often branched. Leaf-blades oblong to oval, varying to obovate or 
ovate, 1-4 cm. long, serrate, short-petioled : racemes spike-like : pedicels mostly less than 
1.5 mm. in length, surpassed by their bracts: sepals oblong, 2-3 mm. long, pubescent : 
corolla blue, 5-8 mm. broad, the lobes surpassing the calyx : capsules broadly cuneate or 
obovate-cuneate, 3-3.5 mm. broad, truncate or retuse at the apex, minutely glandular. 
In dry woods or stony soil, Nova Scotia to Ontario and Michigan, south to Georgia and Tennessee. 
Also in Europe and Asia. Spring and summer. 
7. Veronica Americàna Schwein.  Perennial, glabrous. Stems erect or decumbent, 
1-6 dm. tall, sometimes branched : leaf-blades ovate to oblong or oblong-lanceolate, bluntly 
or sharply serrate, abruptly contracted or truncate at the base : racemes loosely flowered : 
pedicels very slender, 4-15 mm. long: sepals glabrous, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-3 
mm. long, acute: corolla blue or nearly white, usually purple-striped, 4-5 mm. broad : 
capsules 3-3.5 mm. broad, broader than high, 2-lobed. 
In low grounds or brooks, Anticosti to Alaska, south to North Carolina, Nebraska, New Mexico 
&nd California. Spring and summer. 
8. Veronica Anagállis-aquática L. Perennial, glandular-pubescent above. Stems 
2-9 dm. tall, often somewhat branched : leaf-blades lanceolate to oblong, 2-12 em. long, 
acute, finely serrate or nearly entire, sessile and partly clasping : racemes spreading, 
many-flowered : pedicels 3-7 mm. long : sepals glandular, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 
3-3.5 mm. long: corolla blue, often purple-striped, 4-5 mm. broad : capsules suborbicular or 
rhombic-orbicular, 2.5 mm. broad, minutely notched. 
In wet places or brooks, Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to North Carolina, Nebraska and 
New Mexico. Alsoin Europe and Asia. Spring and summer. 
28. LEPTANDRA Nutt. 
Perennial relatively tall caulescent herbs. Leaves opposite or whorled in 3's or 9's ; 
blades Hat, toothed. Flowers in terminal spike-like racemes. Calyx of 4 slightly united 
sepals. Corolla white, pink or blue, slightly 2-lipped, the lobes of the lips much shorter 
than the tube. Stamens 2, exserted : filaments filiform, adnate to the base of the corolla 
tube. Stigma minute. Capsule relatively narrow, nearly terete, tapering to the 4-valved 
apex. Seeds minutely reticulated. CULVER S-ROOT. 
1. Leptandra Virginica (L.) Nutt. Stems 3-18 dm. tall, normally simple below the 
inflorescence. Leaf-blades oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, finely serrate : 
racemes erect, usually in conic panicles : calyx-lobes lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 1-1.5 
mm. long, acuminate : corolla white or pink, 5~6 mm. long, the upper lip ovate, the lower 
