RHINANTHACEAE 1075 
11. Dasystoma laevigata Raf. Perennial, glabrous, pale green. Stems 3-12 dm. 
tall, simple or sparingly branched : leaf-blades lanceolate to elliptic, 3-12 cm. long, acute 
or acuminate, merely undulate or repand or incised on the lower part of the stem: calyx 
longer than the pedicel ; tube campanulate ; lobes triangular-lanceolate or lanceolate, as 
long as the tube or longer: corolla pale or lemon yellow, 2.5-3 cm. long: capsules ovoid, 
10-12 mm. long. 
In open woods or thickets, Pennsylvania to Michigan, Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee. Summer, 
33. OTOPHYLLA Benth. 
Annual caulescent herbs, with rigidly pubescent foliage. Leaves opposite: blades 
entire or pinnately divided, all or some of them auricled at the base, sessile. Flowers in 
terminal spikes. Calyx of 5 partially united sepals. Corolla purple or rarely white: tube 
broadly dilated at the throat: lobes spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, included: fila- 
ments glabrous or nearly so: anthers of the shorter stamens much smaller than the others. 
Styleslender. Stigma entire. Capsule oval or globose-oval, often minutely pointed. Seeds 
angled. à 
Leaf-blades or some of them with 2 auricles at the base: corolla less than 2 mm. long: capsules over 
10 mm. long. 1. O. auriculata. 
Leaf-blades parted into 3-7 linear segments: corolla over 2 cm. long: capsules less 
than 16 mm. long. 2. O. densiflora, 
1. Otophylla auriculata (Michx.) Small. Foliage hirsute. Stems 3-6 dm. tall, 
simple or sparingly branched : leaf-blades lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 1-4 cm. long, 
acute, the upper ones or sometimes all with lanceolate auricles at the base: spikes inter- 
rupted, not dense: calyx-tube campanulate, the lobes lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, often 
longer than the tube: corolla less than 2 cm. long: capsules oval, 11-13 mm. long. 
In low grounds or on prairies, New Jersey to Minnesota, North Carolina and Kansas. Summer. 
2. Otophylla densifldra (Benth.) Small. Foliage hispid. Stems 2-5 dm. tall, 
usually branched above: leaf-blades 1.5-3 cm. long, parted into 3-7 narrowly linear seg- 
ments, rigidly ciliate : spikes continuous, dense: calyx-tube campanulate, the lobes lanceo- 
late, folded, longer than the tube: corolla over 2 cm. long: capsules oval, about 8 mm. 
long. 
On prairies, Kansas, Oklahoma, the Indian Territory and Texas. Spring and summer. 
34. GERARDIA L. 
Annual or perennial caulescent usually slender herbs. Leaves mainly opposite: blades 
narrow, or scale-like, entire. Flowers solitary in the axils of narrow bracts. Calyx of 5 
sepals usually united to beyond the middle, the lobes tooth-like. Corolla often rose-pur- 
ple, sometimes white or yellowish pink, 2-lipped, the lower lobes exterior in the bud. 
Stamens 4, didynamous, included: filaments pubescent: anthers all alike; sacs obtuse or 
mucronate at the base. Style filiform. Capsule rounded at the apex, loculicidally dehis- 
cent. Seeds mostly angled. 
Perennial plant, with horizontal rootstock. 1. G. linifolia. 
Annual plants, with fibrous roots. 
Pedicel shorter than the calyx or the calyx and the capsule. 
Leaves above the base of the stem represented by minute scales. 
Corolla over 15 mm. long : flowers approximate : pedicels stout, 1-3 mm. long. 2. G. aphylia. 
Corolla less than 15 mm. long: flowers remote: pedicels filiform, 5-10 mm. ; 
long. 8. G. filicaulis. 
Leaves normal, never scale-like. 
Calyx-lobes about as long as the tube. 4. G. heterophylla. 
Calyx-lobes much shorter than the tube. 
rolla about 2 cm. long or longer. 
Calyx-tube turbinate: calyx-lobes !4 as long as the tube: capsules 
elliptic or elliptic-ovoid. : 5. G. aspera. 
Calyx-tube campanulate : Hv ticis minute or Jess than 14 as long 
as the tube : capsules globular. : 
Stem-leaves with conspicuous clusters of smaller leaves in their 
axils. 6. G. fasciculata. 
Stem-leaves without clusters in their axils. : 
Calyx-lobes mostly 1.5-2 mm. long: leaf-blades flat or slightly 
revolute. ; (f 
Calyx-lobes mostly 1 mm. long or shorter: leaf-blades filiform. 8. 
Corolla about 1.5 em. long, or shorter. 
Calyx-lobes acute or acuminate : plants not succulent. 
Blades of stem-leaves linear, linear-spatulate or filiform. 
Capsules 2-4 mm. in diameter: calyx-lobes mostly 0.5-1 mm. long. 
G. purpurea. 
G. Plukenetii. 
