RHINANTHACEAE 1079 
35. BUCHNERA L. 
Biennial or perennial rigid caulescent herbs, with pubescent foliage, black in drying. 
Leaves opposite or mainly so: blades usually toothed. Flowers in elongated terminal 
spikes. Calyx of 5 united sepals: tube 5-10-nerved, much longer than the lobes. Corolla 
white, blue or purple, salverform : tube curved : lobes 5, slightly unequal, spreading, the 
lateral exterior in the bud. Stamens 4, didynamous: anther-sacs confluent. Stigmas 
entire or slightly notched. Capsule short, enclosed in the calyx, loculicidally dehiscent. 
Seeds reticulated. BLUE-HEARTS. 
Corolla-lobes less than 4 mm. long, the tube less than twice as long as the calyx. 1. B. elongata. 
Corolla-lobes over 6 mm. long, the tube over twice as long as the calyx. 2. B. Americana, 
1. Buchnera elongata Sw. Stems 2-5 dm. tall, scabrous or hispidulous, sometimes 
branched above. Leaf-blades various, those of basal leaves obovate to oblong, 1-3 em. 
long, usually short-petioled, those of the stem-leaves oblong to linear, 1.5-8 cm. long, 
entire or sparingly toothed: spikes loosely flowered: calyx strigillose-hispidulous, 5-6 
mm. long, the upper lobes triangular, acute : corolla blue or white, 9-12 mm. long ; tube 
slightly hairy : capsules ovoid, 6-7 mm. long. 
In low pine lands, South Carolina to Florida and Texas. Summer. 
2. Buchnera Americana L. Stems 3-10 dm. tall, usually branched, hispid. Leaf- 
blades various, those of the basal leaves oblong, elliptic or ovate, those of the stem-leaves 
oblong to lanceolate, 2-9 cm. long, acute or acutish, commonly sharply toothed : spikes 
more copiously flowered than in B. elongata: calyx hispidulous, 5-6 mm. long ; lobes tri- 
angular-lanceolate to lanceolate, acuminate: corolla purple, 10-12 mm. long: tube vil- 
lous ; the lobes cuneate: capsules ovoid, 6-7 mm. long. 
In meadows and low pine lands, New York to Minnesota, south to Virginia and Louisiana. Sum- 
mer and fall. 
36. CASTILLEJA Mutis. 
Annual or perennial caulescent herbs, often partially parasitic on the roots of other 
plants. Leaves alternate : blades entire, toothed orlobed. Flowers in terminal spikes or 
racemes, subtended by large or highly colored bracts. Calyx of several almost wholly 
united sepals: tube laterally compressed: lobes irregular, sometimes toothed. Corolla 
often highly colored, strongly 2-lipped : tube not surpassing the calyx : upper lip arched ; 
lower lip very short. Stamens 4, didynamous, embraced by the upper lip of the corolla : 
anther-sacs unequal, the outer attached at the middle, the inner pendulous by its apex. 
Stigma entire or 2-lobed. Capsule loculicidal. Seeds reticulated. PArNTED-CUP. 
Annual or biennial plants. Uer 
Stem-leaves with entire or almost entire blades. l. C. indivisa. 
Stem-leaves with deeply and irregularly incised blades. 2. C. coccinea. 
Perennial plants. 2 
Lip of the corolla about as long as the‘saccate portion : bracts and calyxes brick- : Goss 
red, rose or sulphur-yellow. ? 3. C. Lindheimeri. 
Lip of the corolla much longer than the obscurely saccate portion: bracts and 
calyxes purple or magenta. 
1. Castilleja indivisa Engelm. Annual, slightly hirsute. Stems 1-4 dm. tall, 
sometimes branched at the base: stem-leaves with linear or linear-lanceolate blades, 2-10 
em. long, entire or some with several narrow lateral segments: bracts similar to the 
stem-leaves or dilated upward, bright-red : calyx colored like the bracts ; lobes spatulate or 
obovate : corolla with the upper lip shorter than the tube and but little surpassing the 
calyx. 3 
Insandy soil, Texas. Spring. 
2. Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng: Commonly biennial, hirsute. Stems 1-6 dm. 
tall, often branched near the base : stem-leaves with narrow 3-5-cleft or laciniate blades 
often 3-8 cm. long: bracts similar to the stem-leaves, red, scarlet or rarely yellow: calyx 
usually colored like the bracts ; lobes quadrate-oblong : corolla quite similar to that of the 
preceding species in shape : capsules narrowly oblong, 1-1.5 cm. long, acute. 
In low grounds or bogs, Maine to Manitoba, Georgia and Texas. Spring and summer. 
3. Castilleja Lindheimeri A. Gray. Perennial, more or less gray-tomentulose. 
Stems 1-3 dm. tall, commonly tufted: stem-leaves with entire or 3-5-cleft blades 2-6 cm. 
long, passing into the brick-red rose or sulphur-yellow bracts : calyx colored like the 
bracts: corolla colored like the bracts, the upper almost as long as the saccate porton : 
capsules oblong or oblong-ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long. 
On prairies. Texas. Spring. 
4. C. purpurea, 
