PLANTAGINACEAE 1099 
equally erect after fertilization: capsules ovoid or oval-ovoid, 1.5-2 mm. long, circumscis- 
sile at about the middle: seeds 2-4, 1.3 mm. long, golden-yellow. 
In dry soil, Connecticut to Michigan, Missouri, Florida and Arizona. Spring and summer. 
4. Plantago occidentalis Decne. Annual or biennial, pubescent with 3-5-septate 
hairs. Leaves basal, 8-20 cm. long or more, spreading; blades spatulate to spatulate- 
lanceolate, obtusish, 3-5-nerved, subentire to strongly repand-lobed, narrowed into long 
somewhat margined petioles: scapes erect, 10-20 cm. tall, equalling or surpassing the 
leaves: spikes 3-15 cm. long, densely flowered or interrupted below: flowers dioecious : 
bracts ovate-lanceolate, equalling the calyx-lobes : calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate to linear- 
oblong, acutish, narrowly scarious-margined, somewhat ciliolate: corolla smooth ; lobes 
narrowly ovate, subcordate, not closely connivent after fertilization : capsules oblong, about 
2.5 mm. long, circumscissile below the middle: seeds 2, about 1.75 mm. long, fuscous. 
In dry soil, Texas. Spring and summer. 
5. Plantago rhodospérma Decne. Annual or biennial, densely and coarsely pubes- 
cent with 1—7-septate hairs. Leaves basal, 5-18 cm. long, spreading or ascending ; blades 
oblong to spatulate, obtuse, 3- (or 5-)nerved, subentire to repand-dentate, sometimes tinged 
with red, narrowed into short margined flat petioles: scapes erect or decumbent, 2.5-20 cin. 
tall, usually much longer than the leaves: spike 1.5-15 cm. long, densely flowered, often 
interrupted below: flowers dioecious: bracts narrowly ovate, shorter than the calyx-lobes: 
calyx-lobes oblong to ovate, 2-2.5 mm. long, typically acuminate, scarious-margined, some- 
what pubescent on the midrib: corolla glabrous or minutely papillose ; lobes ovate to del- 
toid-ovate, acute, usually connivent after fertilization : capsules oblong, about 3 mm. long, 
obtuse, circumscissile below the middle, often purplish : seeds 2, 2 mm. long, dark red. 
In sandy soil, Missouri and Oklahoma to Louisiana, Texas and Arizona. Spring and summer. 
6. Plantago lanatifólia (Coult. & Fish.) Small. Annual, floccose with white silky 
wool at least at the base. Leaves numerous, basal, 3-10 cm. long, spreading : blades nar- 
rowly oblanceolate or, when induplicate, appearing falcate, acute, entire or denticulate, 
gradually narrowed to the base : scapes ascending or spreading, solitary or several together, 
3-13 cm. tall, equalling or surpassing the leaves: spikes 1-3 em. long, 6-8 mm. thick, 
dense: flowers perfect: bracts deltoid-lanceolate, about $ the length of the calyx-lobes : 
calyx-lobes pilose, narrowly oblong, about 4 mm. long, scarious-margined : corolla glabrous ; 
lobes spreading, triangular-ovate, obtuse, dark at the base: capsules ovoid, obtuse, circum- 
scissile below the middle. 
In dry ground, Texas. Spring. 
7. Plantago Wrightiana Decne. Annual, usually glabrous, except the spikes and up- 
per part of the peduncles. Leaves alternate, erect or nearly so, rather rigid, 5-18 cm. long ; 
lades linear or slightly broadened upward, obtuse and callous-tipped, 3-nerved, entire, 
glabrous or sparingly pubescent at the dilated base of the short petioles : peduncles erect or 
ascending, somewhat enlarged above, twice or thrice longer than the leaves, silky-strigillose : 
spikes cylindric, 2-6 cm. long, 6-8 mm. thick, dense: flowers perfect : bracts deltoid-ovate, 
- not equalling the calyx-lobes, scarious-margined : calyx-lobes more or less silky, oval to 
cuneate, about 3 mm. long, scarious-margined : corolla glabrous ; lobes reflexed, ovate, 
cordate, 3-3.5 mm. long, obtuse, violet at the base : capsules broadly oblong, 4 mm. long, 
rounded at the apex, surpassing the calyx-lobes : seeds 2, about 3 mm. long, brown. 
In dry soil, Texas to Arizona. Spring and summer. - : 
8. Plantago infléxa Morris. Annual, villous to matted-tomentose. Leaves alter- 
nate, ascending to erect, 10-20 cm. long; blades oblanceolate-linear, acute and callous- 
tipped, 5-7-nerved, entire or with scattered teeth: peduncles ascending to erect, very 
stout, terete, much surpassing the leaves, 12-40 cm. high: spikes coarse, long-cylindric, 
3-10 cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick, dense : flowers perfect : bracts lanceolate to ovate-lanceo- 
late, slightly surpassing the calyx-lobes, scarious-margined : calyx-lobes more or less vil- 
lous, spatulate-oblong, rounded or retuse, about 3 mm. long, scarious-margined : corolla 
glabrous ; lobes reflexed, broad-ovate, cordate, 2.5-3 mm. long, obtuse, dark at the base : 
capsules broadly oblong, 4 mm. long, rounded, surpassing the calyx-lobes : seeds 2, about 
3 mm. long, brown. 
In dry soil, Texas and adjacent Mexico. Spring and summer. 
9. Plantago Hélleri Small. Annual, deep green, villous. Leaves basal, erect or 
ascending, rather numerous ; blades linear, slightly broadened upward, to linear-spatulate, 
2-14 cm. long, acute, 3-ribbed, entire and callous-tipped, glabrate in age, except near the 
base : scapes solitary or several together, erect or ascending, usually surpassing the leaves, 
villous: spikes oblong-cylindrical, 1-2 em. long, 7-12 mm. thick, conspicuous on account 
of the corolla-lobes : bracts linear-subulate, surpassing the calyx-lobes: flowers perfect : 
