1102 SANTALACEAE 
cium a single compound pistil. Ovary 1-celled. Stigma blunt, sometimes 
sessile. Ovule usually solitary and suspended. Fruit a berry. Seed solitary, 
with the testa and the copious endosperm indistinguishable. Embryo terete or 
angled. 
1. PHORADENDRON Nutt. 
Shrubs, parasitic on trees, with jointed terete angled or flattened stems. Leaves oppo- 
site: blades leathery, flat, sometimes reduced to scales. Spikes axillary or terminal, 
solitary or several together, each joint furnished with a bract. Flowers very small, mostly 
dioecious : staminate with a 3-lobed or rarely a 2-5-lobed calyx, one stamen inserted at the 
base of each petal: anthers 2-celled, broad, opening lengthwise.  Pistillate flowers with 
a corolla like that of the staminate, and an inferior ovary adnate to the hypanthium : 
style very short, thick: stigma obtuse. Berry subglobose, sessile, often crowned with the 
persistent sepals, with a pale watery pulp. Seed solitary. MISTLETOE. 
1. Phoradendron flavéscens (Pursh) Nutt. A bright green or yellowish parasitic 
shrub growing in bunches on the limbs of deciduous-leaved trees. Stems 3-9 dm. long, 
often densely branched : leaves opposite ; blades leathery, spatulate or oblong-spatulate or 
sometimes oblong, 2.5-5 em. long, obtuse at the apex, entire, usually cuneately narrowed 
at the base, obscurely 3—5-nerved, short-petioled : petals obtuse, somewhat hooded: berry 
subglobose, 4-5 mm. in diameter, white, the pulp glutinous: seeds oblong, flattened. 
On various deciduous-leaved trees, New Jersey to Missouri, Florida and Texas. Spring. 
FAMILY 2. SANTALACEAE R. Br. SANDALWOOD FAMILY. 
Herbs, shrubs or trees, parasitic on the roots of other plants. Leaves op- 
posite or alternate: blades entire: stipules wanting. Flowers perfect, monoe- 
cious or dioecious, solitary or clustered. Calyx of 3-6 valvate sepals. Corolla 
wanting. Androecium of as many stamens as there are sepals, and inserted at 
their bases or opposite them at the edge of a disk. Filaments distinct. Anthers 
opening lengthwise. Gynoecium a single compound pistil. Ovary 1-celled, 
sessile. Style cylindric or conic, sometimes wanting. Stigma capitate or lobed. 
Ovules 2-4, pendulous from the top of the central placenta. Fruit a drupe or 
nut. Seed solitary, nearly as thick as long. Testa wanting. Endosperm copi- 
ous, fleshy. Embryo apical. 
Herbaceous perennials : flowers perfect. L Com 
gaia Pee lg dioecious or polygamous. : i 
Anthers E MH Hia enais DR aula e a . NESTRONIS. 
9 
Anthers not connected with the sepals. "s Buor L 
Staminate flowers in racemes: leaves alternate. 4. PYRULARIA. 
1. COMANDRA Nutt. 
Glabrous herbs, perennial by elongated rootstocks, parasitic on the roots of other 
plants. Stems erect, solitary or clustered. Leaves alternate: blades entire, narrow. 
Flowers perfect, greenish white, in axillary or terminal peduncled cymes. Calyx of 4$ 
valvate sepals. Stamens 5 or rarely 4, inserted at the base of the sepals : filaments distinct, 
alternating with the lobes of the disk : anthers attached to the calyx-lobes by a tuft of hairs. 
Ovary inferior, 1-celled : style elongated : stigma capitate. Ovules 2-4, pendulous from 
the end of the placenta. Drupe subglobose, with a thin somewhat fleshy pulp, and a crus- 
taceous stone, crowned with the persistent calyx. Seed subglobose. BASTARD ToAD-FLAX. 
1. Comandra umbellàta (L.) Nutt. Foliage bright green. Stems erect, solitary 
or clustered, leafy, angled, simple or branched : leaf-blades oblong, oval or oblong-lance? 
late, 1-3.5 em. long, obtuse or acute at the apex, entire, sessile, glabrous or aig : 
pubescent beneath : corymbs 1-3 cm. broad : peduncles slender, glaucescent : calyx Sieht 
pedicelled, greenish, about 5 mm. broad; tube deep green, turbinate ; segments c ^ 
green, oblong-ovate, 1.5-2 mm. long, acute: stamens included: drupe subglobose, An te 
9 mm. in diameter, slightly ribbed, crowned with the persistent calyx-limb and wit 
forming an urn-shaped fruit. 
iod In thickets and on sandy banks, Cape Breton Island to British Columbia, Georgia and C 
pring. 
alifornia. 
