1112 RUBIACEAE 
1. Cephalanthus occidentalis L. A shrub 1-4 m. tall, usually diffusely branched 
or a tree 7 m. tall, the foliage softly pubescent or glabrous. Leaves opposite or in whorls 
of 3; blades oblong, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, acute or somewhat 
acuminate, undulate, acute to subcordate at the base ; petioles 5-20 mm. long: peduncles 
longer than the heads, terminal or axillary : heads globose, 2.5-5 cm. in diameter: hypan- 
thium hairy at the base, about 2 mm. long during anthesis: corolla white, about 1 cm. 
long ; tube slender, gradually dilated ; lobes ovate or oblong-ovate, obtuse : nutlets obpyram- 
idal, 7-8 mm. long. 
In swamps and meadows, New Brunswick to Ontario, California, Florida, Texas and Arizona. 
Also in Cuba. Summer and fall. 
11. GUETTARDIA L. 
Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite or rarely whorled: blades flat, often scabrous: 
stipules deciduous. Flowers perfect, or polygamo-dioecious, usually in axillary cymes. 
Hypanthium cylindric to globose. Sepals 2-4 and irregular or 4-9 and regular, deciduous 
or rarely persistent, or obsolete. Corolla salverform: tube with a glabrous throat: lobes 
4-9, imbricated. Stamens 4-9: filaments wholly or partially adnate to the corolla-tube : 
anthers nearly sessile. Ovary 4-9-celled. Ovules solitary in each cavity, pendulous, 
anatropous. Fruit globose or slightly elongated, somewhat fleshy, with a terete or angled 
stone. Seed straight or curved. Testa membranous. Endosperm little or wanting. 
Leaf-blades less than 6 cm. long, with 4-6 pairs of lateral nerves: corolla less than 1 cm. img. A 
. . Ca. 
Leaf-blades over 6 em. long, with 9-11 pairs of lateral nerves: corolla over 2 em. long. 2. G. peces 
1. Guettardia ellíptica Sw. A branching shrub, or a small tree reaching a height 
of about 6 m., the foliage silky hispidulous. Leaf-blades membranous, oblong, oval or 
obovate or sometimes broadest above the middle, 2-4 cm. long, or rarely longer, apiculate, 
with 4-6 pairs of lateral nerves, rounded or subcordate at the base: peduncles 1-2 cm. 
long: pedicels 1-5 mm. long: hypanthium densely pubescent, 2-3 mm. long during anthe- 
sis, cylindric: corolla 6-8 mm. long ; tube nearly cylindric ; lobes oblong or ovate-oblong, 
much shorter than the tube: drupes subglobose, 8-10 mm. in diameter, 4-8-celled. 
In sand, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Alsoin the Bahamas and the West Indies. 
2. Guettardia scàbra Vent. A branching shrub or small tree sometimes 6 m. tall, 
the foliage rusty-hispidulous. Leaf-blades leathery, 2.5-8 cm. long, oval or oblong-ovate, 
varying to rhombic-obovate, prominently reticulated beneath, abruptly pointed, with 9-11 
pairs of lateral nerves, cuneate to subcordate at the base; petioles 5-15 mm. long: 
peduncles 5-10 cm. long: pedicels 1-3 mm. long or shorter: hypanthium densely pubes- 
cent, 3-4 mm. long during anthesis: corolla nearly or quite 2.5 cm. long ; tube retrorsely 
silky ; lobes oblong or nearly so, 5 or sometimes 6—7 : drupes subglobose, about 6 mm. 1n 
diameter, 4—6-celled. 
In sandy soil, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the West Indies. 
12. ERITHALIS L. 
Shrubs, with glabrous foliage, the stems and branches terete. Leaves opposite, with 
broad usually connate interpetiolar stipules: blades leathery. Flowers perfect, in terminal 
corymbose cymes, or very rarely solitary. Hypanthium obovoid or subglobose. Sepals 
5-10, or obsolete. Corolla funnelform or rotate : tube glabrous in the throat : lobes 5-10, 
narrow, often keeled within. Stamens 5-10, adnate to the base of the corolla: filaments 
filiform, usually pubescent. Ovary 5-10-celled : styles united, thickish. Ovules solitary 
in each cavity, pendulous. Berry subglobose, separating into 5-10 cartilaginous or bony 
nutlets. Seeds flattened. Testa membranous. Endosperm fleshy. 
1. Erithalis fruticdsa L. A branching shrub, the foliage glabrous. Leaf-blades 
leathery, lustrous, oval or oblong-obovate, 2.5-5 em. long, acute or apiculate, or aaah 
times rounded at the apex, entire, narrowed into short-petioles : hypanthium 1-1.5 mm. 
long during anthesis, nearly truncate or undulate: corolla white, 2-3 mm. long; tube 
about 1 mm. long ; lobes oblong, about twice as long as the tube : berries subglobose, 
mm. in diameter, purple. : 
On sand ridges, peninsular Florida and the Keys. Also in the West Indies. 
13. CHIOCOCCA L. 
Shrubs, with upright or climbing stems. Leaves opposite: blades leathery, flat, yd 
trous: stipules persistent. Flowers perfect, in axillary simple or compound racemes- 
