VALERIANACEAE 1127 
1. Diervilla Diervilla (L.) MacM. A low often diffuse shrub 0.5-1.5 m. tall, 
with glabrous or nearly glabrous foliage, the bark scaly. Leaf-blades oval, or oblong-ovate, 
3-15 cm. long, acuminate, serrate, ciliate, usually abruptly narrowed or cordate at the 
base ; petioles 4-10 mm. long: peduncles shorter than the petioles, 1—5-flowered : corolla 
yellow or greenish ; tube 7-9 mm. long; lobes nearly equal, 3 sometimes partially united : 
capsules narrowly oblong, acute-beaked, 7-8.5 mm. long, glabrous. [D. trifida Moench. ] 
In dry or rocky woods, Newfoundland to the Northwest Territory and in or near the mountains to 
Georgia and Michigan. Spring. BusH HONEYSUCKLE. 
2. Diervilla sessilirdlia Buckl. A loosely branching shrub 0.5-1.5 m. tall, with 4- 
angled branches pubescent in lines. Leaf-blades lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or sometimes 
ovate, 5-15 cm. long, acuminate, sharply serrate, abruptly narrowed at the base or cordate, 
glabrous or essentially so, sessile: peduncles mostly over 5 mm. long: cymes several-flow- 
ered : sepals lanceolate or subulate-lanceolate : corolla sulphur-yellow or somewhat green- 
ish, about 1 cm. long: lobes shorter than the tube, one slightly pubescent within: capsules 
oblong, 9-12 mm. long. 
In rocky mountain woods or ravines, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama. Spring 
and early summer. 
3. Diervilla rivulàris Gattinger. A branching shrub 0.5-2 m. tall, with copiously 
pubescent twigs and inflorescence. Leaf-blades ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 3-8 cm. long, 
acuminate, unevenly and doubly serrate, pubescent on both sides, pale beneath, truncate or 
cordate at the base, manifestly but short-petioled : cymes few-many-flowered : sepals lan- 
ceolate-subulate : corolla lemon-yellow, about 1 cm. long: capsules oblong-ovoid, 5-6 mm. 
long, sparingly pilose. 
On damp banks, mountains of North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama. Summer. 
Order 11. VALERIANALES. 
Caulescent herbs, succulent or with firm tissues and coarse. Leaves oppo- 
site, sometimes whorled: blades entire, toothed or divided, sometimes connate- 
perfoliate, without stipules. Flowers mainly perfect, in open or congested 
cymes or dense involucrate heads. Calyx of several bristles, or a mere cup or 
obsolete. Corolla of 2 or 5 partially united petals. Androecium usually of 
fewer stamens than there are corolla-lobes. Anthers separate. Gynoecium 1-3- 
carpellary. Ovary inferior, 1-3-celled, 2 of the cavities commonly imperfect. 
Ovules solitary, pendulous. Fruit an achene, or nut-like. 
Gynoecium 3-carpellary, two of the cavities empty: flowers not in involucrate heads. 
Fam. 1. VALERIANACEAE. 
Gynoecium 1-carpellary : flowers in dense involucrate heads. e Fam. 2. MORINACEAE. 
FAMILY 1. VALERIANACEAE Batsch. VALERIAN FAMILY. 
Annual or perennial herbs, with a watery sap, commonly heavy-scented 
roots and a bitter or acid taste. Stems often dichotomously branched. Leaves 
opposite (those near the base often clustered): blades entire or pinnately divided, 
often somewhat clasping at the base. Inflorescence cymose, paniculate or 
congested. Flowers perfect, monoecious or dioecious. Calyx of 3-5 sepals, 
sometimes pappus-like or obsolete. Corolla gamopetalous, tubular, funnel- 
form, or sometimes salverform: tube sometimes produced into a sac near 
the base: limb with 3-5 imbricated lobes. Androecium of 1-4 stamens, adnate 
to the corolla-tube, fewer in number than the lobes. Filaments distinct or 
united. Anthers introrse, incumbent, separate. Gynoecium 3-carpellary. Ovary 
inferior, 3-celled, but only one cavity perfect, the other 2 abortive. Styles ter- 
minal, united. Stigmas sometimes united. Ovule pendulous, solitary in the 
perfect cavity of the ovary, anatropous. Fruit a kind of leathery or crusta- 
ceous nutlet, naked, or crowned with the calyx. Seed pendulous, with a mem- 
branous testa. Endosperm wanting or sometimes present. Embryo straight, 
with thickish cotyledons. 
Sepals becoming bristle-like or awn-like: fruit 1-celled : tall herbs often with a oe, 
. VALERIANA. 
Sepals minute or wanting : fruit 3-celled: low herbs with undivided leaf-blades. 
Corolla funnelform ; tube not longer than the nearly regular limb. 2. VALERIANELLA. 
Corolla salverform ; tube 2-4 times as long as the irregularly 2-lipped limb. 3. SIPHONELLA. 
