1140 CAMPANULACEAE 
berries ovoid, 1.5-2 cm. long, clustered, becoming membranous, villous and armed with 
bristles. 
In thickets, Quebec to Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Summer and fall. STAR CUCUMBER. NIM- 
BLE KATE. 
Famity 2. CAMPANULACEAE Juss. BELLFLOWER FAMILY. 
Annual or perennial caulescent herbs or rarely shrubby plants, with a some- 
what acid sap. Leaves alternate, without stipules: blades simple, entire, toothed 
and sometimes lobed, those of the cauline and the basal often very dissimilar. In- 
florescence terminal or axillary, spicate or racemose. Flowers perfect, regular. 
Calyx of 5 partially united sepals, persistent. Corolla of 5 united sepals, cam- 
panulate, tubular or rotate, usually 5-lobed, withering or deciduous. Androe- 
cium of 5stamens inserted with the corolla. Filaments distinct, often ciliate. 
Anthers introrse. Gynoecium of 2-5 united carpels. Ovary inferior or nearly 
inferior, mainly 2-5-celled. Styles united. Stigmas rarely capitate, usually 
with as many lobes as there are cavities in the ovary, spreading or recurved. 
Ovules horizontal, anatropous, on placentae or in the central angle of each 
cavity. Fruit a 2-8-celled capsule opening loculicidally, or by pores. Seeds 
numerous, sometimes angled or flattened, often with a rough testa. Endosperm 
fleshy. Embryo straight, axile. 
Corolla campanulate or funnelform : inflorescence racemose or paniculate. 1. CAMPANULA. 
Corolla rotate : inflorescence spicate. 
Style declined: flowers complete throughout. 2. CAMPANULASTRUM. 
Style straight : flowers various, the earlier cleistogamous. 8. SPECULARIA. 
1. CAMPANULA L. 
Perennial or sometimes annual herbs, with solitary or tufted stems. Leaves alternate: 
blades various, broader than long to linear, sometimes: thus on a single plant, entire to . 
lobed. Flowers perfect, all alike and complete, in racemes or panicles, often centrifugal. 
Sepals 5, narrow. Corolla campanulate or funnelform, with 5 lobes either longer or shorter 
than the tube. Stamens 5: filaments dilated at the base: anthers oblong or sometimes 
narrower. Ovary 3-5-celled : style straight: stigmas 3-5. Capsules not elongated, open- 
ing by perforations or by uplifting valves in the sides. Testa smooth. BELLFLOWER. 
PO ad than the corolla or sometimes about equalling it in length : leaf-blades entire or slightly 
amie Ginn: stems erect. 1. €. Reverchonii. 
Perennial plants: stems reclining or diffusely spreading. E 
Foliage scabrous with retrorse hairs: sepals much shorter than the corolla. 2. C aparinoides. 
Foliage smooth and glabrous: sepals a None as the corolla. 3. C. Floridana. 
Style surpassing the corolla: leaf-blades laciniately toothed. 4. C. flexuosa. 
1l. Campanula Reverchónii A. Gray. Annual, slender, minutely prickly below, 
glabrous above. Stems erect, 1-2 dm. tall, simple below and branched above or muc 
branched throughout : leaf-blades thick, the basal spatulate, 1-1.5 em. long, toothed, those 
on the lower part of the stem oblanceolate or oblong, slightly toothed, the upper ones be- 
coming linear-filiform, entire: buds erect : hypanthium glabrous, becoming slightly con- 
stricted above : sepals linear-subulate, 2-4 mm. long, longer than the hypanthium : corolla 
blue, oblong-campanulate, nearly 1.5 cm. long, its ovate-lanceolate lobes slightly shorter 
than the tube : capsules obovoid, 3-4 mm. long, crowned with the erect sepals : seeds oval, 
0.5 mm. long, nearly smooth. g 
On granite rocks, middle Texas. Spring. f 
2. Campanula aparinoides Pursh. Perennial by slender rootstocks, minutely 
prickly. Stems almost filiform, wiry, diffuse or reclining, 2-6 dm. long, mostly €— 
below, leafy, strict or flexuous, the angles armed with minute retrorse prickles : ay 
blades linear or narrowly lanceolate, sometimes linear-lanceolate, 1-6 cm. long, acu 4 
sessile or very short-petioled, entire or distantly and shallowly serrate, their edges anc 
mid-nerve armed like the stem: buds drooping : hypanthium slightly ribbed, ee 
sepals ovate or triangular-ovate, acute, about as long as the hypanthium : corolla i 1 A he 
pink, campanulate, rather open ; lobes lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, often longer K P reb 
tube: capsules globose obovoid, 3.5-4 mm. long, crowned with the persistent nearly € 
sepals: seeds oval, nearly 1 mm. long, smooth.. 
In damp or wet places, Nova Scotia to the Saskatchewan, Georgia and Colorado. penes à 
3. Campanula Floridàna S. Wats. Perennial, smooth and glabrous throug yin 
Stems nearly filiform, wiry, 2-4 dm. long, diffuse or usually reclining, angled, simp 
