CARDUACEAE 1193 
9. Solidago montícola T. & G. Stems 2-8 dm. tall, angled, usually simple, spar- 
ingly pubescent or glabrate in age: leaf-blades spatulate on the lower part of the stem to 
elliptic or linear-elliptic above, more or less acuminate at both ends, rather sparingly ap- 
pressed serrate, commonly glabrous: heads in axillary often raceme-like clusters which are 
sometimes aggregated into a terminal thyrsus : involucres cylindric-campanulate, about 4 
mm. high, nearly 2 mm. thick; bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, acute : achenes glabrous. 
In deep mountain woods, Maryland and West Virginia to Georgia and Alabama. Summer and fall. 
10. Solidago glomeràta Michx. Stems 3-11 dm. tall, very stout, angled, glabrous, 
sometimes branched : leaf-blades ample for the genus, spatulate and 2-3 dm. long on the 
lower part of the stem, smaller and broadly or narrowly elliptic above, acuminate, rather 
sharply and coarsely serrate, more or less pubescent, especially near the margins: heads 
in thick axillary clusters which are sometimes aggregated into a terminal thyrsus: involu- 
cres broadly campanulate, 7-8 mm. high, 5-6 mm. thick; bracts obtuse or acutish, the 
outer ovate, the inner linear : achenes glabrate. 
On high mountain slopes and summits, North Carolina and Tennessee. Summer and fall. 
11. Solidago spithamaéa M. A. Curtis. Stems often clustered, 1-3 dm. tall, simple 
below the inflorescence, somewhat angled, pubescent: leaf-blades spatulate and 5-10 cm. 
long on the lower part of the stem, somewhat smaller and elliptic or oblong above, acute, 
ol Sea ps or sharply serrate, often finely pubescent beneath : heads in raceme-like 
clusters which are aggregated into a round-topped panicle: involucres campanulate, 4-5 mm. 
high, about 5 mm. thick ; bracts narrow, acute: achenes pubescent. 
On rocky mountain summits and slopes, North Carolina and Tennessee. Summer and fall. 
12. Solidago squarrósa L. Stems 4-15 dm. tall, stout, striate-angled, usually some- 
what pubescent above, usually simple: leaves various, the basal and lower cauline with 
elliptic oval or ovate coarsely toothed blades 1-2 dm. long, terminating, long petiole-like 
bases, the upper cauline leaves smaller, with mainly oblong or elliptic less coarsely toothed 
or merely undulate blades: involucres long-campanulate, 6-7 mm. long, 4-5 mm. thick ; 
bracts numerous, all but the inner with spreading or recurved tips: achenes glabrous. 
In rocky soil or on banks, New Brunswick to Ontario, Georgia and Ohio. Summer and fall. 
13. Solidago petiolàris Ait. Stems 3-16 dm. tall, often branched, striate ridged, 
finely pubescent throughout : leaves various, the basal and lower cauline with spatulate or 
narrowly cuneate remotely appressed serrate blades 4-11 cm. long, the upper cauline 
smaller with oblong, elliptic or oblong-ovate blades entire or shallowly toothed near the 
apex, all green : heads in an elongated panicle: involucres 5-6 mm. high, about 4 mm. 
thick ; bracts fewer than in S. squarrosa, some of the outer ones at least, with spreading or 
recurved tips: achenes glabrous. 
In dry or stony soil, North Carolina to Kansas, Florida and Texas.—A form from Arkansas, Louisi- 
ana and Texas, with narrow entire or nearly entire leaf-blades, is S. petiolaris angásta (T. & G.) A. Gray. 
14. Solidago Wárdi Britton. Similar to S. petiolaris in habit. Leaves with a me- 
tallic luster, often silvery : heads in a terminal thyrsus : involucres long-campanulate, 6-7 
mm. high, 4—5 mm. thick : ray-flowers with very brilliant yellow ligules. 
In sandy or rocky woods, Missouri and Kansas to Texas. Summer and fall. 
15. Solidago bícolor L. Stems 2-12 dm. tall (sometimes dwarf at high altitudes), 
striate, more or less hirsute, simple or branched: leaf-blades various, those of the basal 
and lower cauline leaves obovate, oval, elliptic or spatulate, mostly 1-2 dm. long, narrowed 
into petiole-like bases, coarsely but shallowly crenate-serrate, those of the upper cauline 
smaller, elliptic, oblong or oblanceolate, pt fa toothed or entire, all somewhat coarsely 
pubescent, especially beneath : heads in a terminal thyrsus, the upper clusters contiguous, 
the lower remote or disposed on spreading or ascending branches: involucres campanulate, 
44.5 mm. high, 3-3.5 mm. thick; bracts obtuse, often green-tipped: ray-flowers with 
white ligules: achenes glabrous. 
fell In dry or rocky soil, New Brunswick to Ontario, Minnesota, Georgia and Missouri. Summer and 
16. Solidago hispida Muhl. Similar to S. bicolor in habit, but usually less robust. 
Stems often densely hirsute and sometimes widely branched : leaf-blades more prominently 
toothed, the upper ones rarely entire, all usually copiously pubescent : heads in a terminal 
often branched thyrsus: involucres campanulate, 4.5-5 mm. high, 4-4.5 mm. thick; 
bracts obtuse, sometimes a little narrowed at the tip: ray-flowers with yellow ligules: 
achenes glabrous. 
In dry soil, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Minnesota, Georgia and Arkansas. Summer and fall. 
17. Solidagoerécta Pursh. Stems3-13 dm. tall,striate, glabrous or merely puberulent 
near the inflorescence, simple and wand-like or sometimes branched, often purple or purple- 
tinged : leaf-blades various, those of the basal and lower cauline leaves spatulate to oblong 
