1194 CARDUACEAE 
or elliptic, 1-1.5 dm. long, narrowed into winged petiole-like bases, appressed serrate, gla- 
brous or essentially so, those of the upper cauline smaller, linear-elliptic to oblong or oblance- 
olate, entire or shallowly toothed: heads in a terminal thyrsus, the lower clusters often 
remote and elongated : involucres campanulate, 4.5—5.5 mm. long, 3-3.5 mm. thick ; bracts 
obtuse, often conspicuously green-tipped: ray-flowers with bright yellow ligules: achenes 
glabrous. 
In dry soil or open woods, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Georgia and Alabama. Also reported 
from farther west. Summer and fall. 
18. Solidago specidsa Nutt. Stems 7-19 dm. tall, somewhat angled especially above, 
not copiously leafy, glabrous at least from near the inflorescence, often purple, usually sim- 
ple: leaf-blades deep green, those of the basal and lower cauline leaves elliptic or oval, 1-2 
din. long, acute, shallowly toothed, those of the upper cauline leaves smaller, mainly ellip- 
tic to elliptic-lanceolate, all finely reticulate-veiny beneath : heads in a terminal, sometimes 
elongated or much branched thyrsus : involucres cylindric-campanulate, 5.5-6.5 mm. high, 
4-4.5 mm. thick; bracts obtuse, partially green or green-tipped : ray-flowers with bright 
yellow ligules: achenes glabrous. 
- oe or rich soil, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Nebraska, North Carolina and Arkansas. Summer 
and fall. 
19. Solidago rigldiüscula (T. & G.) Porter. Similar to S. speciosa in habit, but 
smaller, and more stocky. Stems 4-12 dm. tall, striate-ridged, copiously leafy: leaf-blades 
thick, bright green, those of the basal and lower cauline leaves spatulate oblong or elliptic, 
those of the upper cauline oblong to linear-oblong, all entire : heads in a terminal cylindric 
thyrsus or on raceme-like lateral branches: involucres campanulate, 4-5 mm. high, about 
3 mm. thick: ray-flowers in yellow ligules : achenes glabrous. 
In dry soil, Minnesota and South Dakota to Ohio, Nebraska and Texas. Summer and fall. 
20. Solidago plumósa Small. Stems solitary or tufted, 2-9 dm. tall, glabrous, striate, 
purple at least below : leaf-blades bright green, those of the basal and lower cauline leaves 
narrowly or linear-spatulate to linear, 1-2 dm. long, crenate-serrate near the apex or essen- 
tially entire, glabrous, narrowed into slender petiole-like bases, those of the upper cauline 
linear or nearly so, often 2-4 mm. wide, entire, acuminate: heads in a terminal narrow, 
conic or oblong thyrsus, very showy : involucres broadly campanulate, 5. 5-6.5 mm. high, 
44.5 mm. thick ; bracts somewhat decurrent on the peduncle, thick, obtuse, keeled, the keel 
and tip green : achenes glabrous. 
In sandy soil, falls and narrows of the Yadkin River, middle North Carolina. Summer and fall. 
21. Solidago Pórteri Small. Stem 6-14 dm. tall, relatively stout, striate-angled, 
purplish, glabrous, usually simple : leaf-blades finely but rather copiously pubescent, those 
of the basal and lower cauline leaves spatulate to elliptic, narrowed into long petiole-like 
bases, 1-2 dm. long, those of the upper cauline mainly elliptic, all appressed serrate, some- 
what acuminate : heads relatively few, in a rather open narrow thyrsus sometimes 1n open 
cymes terminating long peduncles: involucres broadly campanulate, 7 mm. high, fully 5 
mm. thick ; bracts slightly decurrent on the peduncle, oblong, obtuse, green or green-tipped, 
broadly keeled : achenes glabrous. 
In dry woods, middle Georgia. Summer and fall. 
22. Solidago uligindsa Nutt. Stems 4-12 dm. tall, glabrous, striate-angled, purple 
or purplish, usually simple: leaf-blades fleshy, those of the basal and lower cauline us 
spatulate to elliptic, entire or shallowly toothed, glabrous, narrowed into broad petiole- 1 ; 
bases, like those of the upper cauline much smaller, often entire, their bases, like those 0 
the lower, clasping the stem : heads in a terminal narrow or rarely slightly dilated thyrsus, 
often crowded : involucres narrowly campanulate or cylindric-campanulate, 4.5-5.5 A 
high, 3-3.5 mm. thick ; bracts barely decurrent on the peduncle, obtuse, thickish, rounde 
on the back : achenes sparingly pubescent. à 
In swamps or on moist rocks, Newfoundland to Minnesota and North Carolina. Sum 
23. Solidago dispérsa Small. Stems 8-11 dm. tall, relatively slender, striate-ridged, 
purplish, glabrous: leaf-blades sparingly pubescent, those of the basal and lower kn = 
leaves spatulate to elliptic-spatulate, 5-15 cm. long, appressed serrate, narrowe oH 
petiole-like bases, those of the upper cauline much smaller, ellipticeor elliptic-lanceo F e 
less prominently serrate or those near the inflorescence entire, all acute or those SE 
lower cauline leaves slightly acuminate : heads relatively few, in a lax terminal diens d 4 
thyrsus, not at all crowded: involucres turbinate-campanulate, about 5 mm. high, $79. 
mm. thick ; bracts lax, narrowed to the tip but obtuse, flat : achenes pubescent. 
In dry soil, Louisiana. Summer and fall. 
: imple 
24. Solidago Chrysópsis Small. Stems about 3 dm. tall, striate, glabrous, simp?/e, 
very slender: leaf-blades various, glabrous, thick, those of the basal and lower cauline 
mer and fall. 
