1216 CARDUACEAE 
cauline leaves similar, lanceolate or oblong ; upper cauline leaves sessile or clasping, chiefly 
lance-oblong ; branch-leaves subulate, small and suddenly reduced : heads numerous, race- 
mose and somewhat secund on the spreading branches, 16-20 mm. broad: involucre 
broadly turbinate: bracts linear-oblong, slightly pubescent, acute or acutish, their broad 
green Pie appressed : ray-flowers 8-15 ; ligules usually pale violet, 6-10 mm. long: pappus 
whitish. . 
In dry soil, New Brunswick and Ontario to Florida, Alabama and Arkansas. Fall. 
30. Aster Prdteus Burgess. Plants small, racemose, with many cordated leaves, of 
firm roughish texture but with little hair: stem slender, apt to be glabrate, and 3 dm. high, 
sometimes 7 dm., virgate and little branched, but sometimes forking near the base: leaves 
somewhat remote ; blades delicate, polymorphous, not thick nor thin ; radicals numerous, 
resembling violet leaves, 4.5 x 2.5 cm. or less, cordate-ovate, almost acute, finely subcrenate, 
often nodding on their prolonged and very slender petioles: cauline leaves tend to assume 
about 4 types; the first, or basal, all similar to the radical, but with straighter sides, nar- 
rowly cordate-triangular and acutish, minutely serrulate, soon becoming entire; second 
form, triangular-lanceolate, sloping into a distinct winged petiole; third, narrowly linear 
or lanceolate, sessile by a short broad taper base ; fourth, oblong-acute, sessile by a broad 
base or with very short broad wing, numerous, much-reduced and disappearing among the 
middle axils: inflorescence nearly nude, a simple open raceme with spreading heads, or 
each head replaced by a racemose subsecund branch: rays violet: disks not so dark as in 
related species: bracts linear, briefly acuminate, closely imbricated, the green tips con- 
spicuous, narrow diamond-form or narrow lanceolate. 
In dry ground toward the coast, North Carolina and Florida to Mississippi. Summer and fall. 
31. Aster asperifdlius Burgess. Plants small, racemose, minutely tomentulose 
throughout, very rough and heavy in texture: stem often but 3 dm. high: leaves sub- 
coriaceous ; blades hispid, subentire, obtuse, ovate-oblong and longer than their short 
petioles ; rameal leaves minute, adnate, subulate-filiform ; radial leaves and chief caulines 
sometimes subcordate ; petioles slender, naked or narrowly margined ; amiplexicaul dila- 
tion absent or rare: inflorescence a loose simple or compound naked raceme, or severa 
racemes which may become more short-peduncled and leafy : heads smaller than in A. wn- 
dulatus: bracts fewer, slightly pubescent, appressed, linear-oblong, acute, with distinct 
rhomboid green tips. Most hispid-pubescent and rounded-leaved of the southern correla- 
tives of A. undulatus L. [A. asperulus T. & G., not Wall.] 
In dry or sandy soil, South Carolina and Florida to Louisiana. Fall. 
32. Aster sylvéstris Burgess. Stem slender, scabrous, erect, pale-green, usually 4 
dm. high, minutely pubescent : leaves resemble .4. undulatus, but blades broader, shorter, 
thinner, deeper green, more uniformly petioled ; predominant leaf-form broadly short- 
cordate, acute, with rounded basal lobes, deep or excavated sinus, broadly crenate or entire 
margin: petioles narrow, long and numerous, dilated at the base, seldom otherwise winged : 
upper leaves oblong-acute, soon sessile ; rameals uniform and spreading as in A. undulatus, 
oval to linear-elliptic ; radicals small, orbicular, short-petioled ; pilose and webby hair 
present on the leaves beneath but not velvety : inflorescence irregularly spreading or as- 
cending, of long racemose branches : heads rather few : pedicels distinct, often 3 cm. long: 
rays full violet: bracts linear, triangular-acute at apex, with large and broad rhomboid 
green tips. 
In open woodlands, New York and Pennsylvania to South Carolina and Alabama. Fall. 
33. Aster truéllius Burgess. Plants small, erect, with little hair : stem erect, strong 
but slender, rough: leaves subentire, 5x2 cm., thickish, firm, rough, typically triangu- 
lar-lanceolate with sides straight-tapered from the prominently shouldered truncate or 
cordate base, in form suggesting a mason’s trowel: plant remarkable for its ovantes 
short narrow petioles with large basal dilation, and above these, its strap-like petioles wit 
slight basal dilation : radicals cordate-orbicular, crenate, somewhat velvety ; axiles qn 
deflexed, narrow-ovate ; rameals spreading: rays short, purplish blue: disks soon reddis 
brown: bract-tips diamond-shaped, broad and bright green. 
In sandy thickets, Vermont and Kentucky to Georgia and Alabama, Fall. 
34. Aster corrigiàtus Burgess. Plants tall, robust, rough, with I d 
predominantly narrow spearhead-shaped much-ruffled sessile leaves, foliose in the "e an 
with long and high inflorescence, small blue-violet heads and lozenge-tipped bracts. | Stem 
about 12 dm. high, or more, brown, terete-striate, rough, with short scattered strigose 
hair above: leaves tending to be narrowly lanceolate and broad-based, slantin oe ; 
both ways from near the base, tending to the form of an acute narrow spearhea Y "n 5 
or 12x2cm., very slowly diminished through the inflorescence ; radicals small, s ERR 
and broad, somewhat cordate-oval ; a very few lower cauline leaves develop obscure cor 
ittle hair, with 
