1246 CARDUACEAE 
late, 5-15 cm. long, acute or acutish, crenate, tomentose beneath, cordate at the base, the 
upper sessile and partly clasping: involucres flattish, about 3.5 em. broad ; bracts spatu- 
late-linear to oblong, slightly broadened upward or obovate, rather obtuse, ciliolate : ligules 
of the ray-flowers about 2 cm. long: disk-corollas about 4 mm. long: achenes obovate, 5-6 
mm. long, ciliate. 
On hillsides, Missouri to Louisiana and Texas. Spring and summer. 
2. Berlandiera betonicifolia (Hook.) Small. Similar to B. Terana in habit, but 
more harshly pubescent. Stem commonly more slender : leaf-blades triangular-ovate to 
triangular, acute, crenate, truncate or cordate at the base, finely hirsute beneath : bracts 
of the involucre spatulate-obovate to cuneate-obovate : ligules of the ray-flowers about 1.5 
em. long. [Süphium betonicifolia Hook.] 
In dry or sandy soil, Louisiana. 
3. Berlandiera pumila ( Michx.) Nutt. Stems 2.9 dm. tall, pubescent with gray 
wool, simple or sparingly corymbose. Leaf-blades oblong, ovate or oval, 4-10 cm. long, 
obtuse, crenate, truncate or subcordate at the base or rarely narrowed, pubescent with gray 
wool beneath, the upper ones sessile or nearly so: involucres flatiish, 2-2.5 cm. broad ; 
bracts oblong, oval or obovate, obtuse, ciliolate: ligules of the ray-flowers yellow, 1-1.5 
em. long: disk-corollas about 3 mm. long: achenes 6 mm. long,.ciliate. [B. tomentosa 
Nutt. ] 
In sandy soil, North Carolina to Georgia and Florida. 
4. Berlandiera dealbata (T. & G.) Small. Stems 7-12 dm. tall, pubescent with 
white wool, more or less widely branched above. Leaf-blades broadly ovate, oval or del- 
toid, crenate, pubescent with white wool beneath, truncate or cordate at the base, the upper 
ones sessile: involucres flattish, about 1.5 cm. broad ; bracts ovate to oblong and obovate, 
obtuse, those of the two outer series strongly ribbed: ligules of the ray-flowers yellow, 
1-1.5 em. long: disk-corollas 4 mm. long: achenes obovate or elliptic-obovate, 5-6 mm. 
long. [B. tomentosa var. dealbata T. & G.] 
In dry soil, Arkansas to Louisiana, Texas and Mexico. Summer. 
5. Berlandiera hümilis Small. Plants acaulescent, 1-2 dm. tall, tomentose. Leaf- 
blades oblong to ovate, 3-8 cm. long, rounded at the apex, unevenly crenate, pale beneath, 
more or less lyrate-pinnatifid near the base, or some of them merely cordate : scapes simple 
or corymbosely branched, the heads thus solitary or several together: involucres 1.5-2 
em. broad ; bracts oblong or lanceolate to ovate or orbicular, closely soft-pubescent : ligules 
of the ray-flowers 1.5-2 cm. long : achenes obovate, 5-6 mm. long, woolly. 
in pine lands, Florida. Throughout the year. 
6. Berlandiera subacaülis Nutt. Plants usually tufted, 1-5 dm. tall, hispidulous. 
Leaf-blades deeply sinuate-pinnatifid or lyrate-pinnatifid, oblong to oblanceolate, 4-12 cm. 
long, the lobes obtuse, entire or toothed : involucres about 2 cm. broad ; bracts oblong or 
oblong-spatulate to obovate and cuneate, obtuse, ciliolate,: ligules of the ray-flowers 1-1.5 
em. long : disk-corollas 3-3.5 mm. long : achenes elliptic or nearly so, 5-6 mm. long, cili- 
olate. 
In sand, Florida. Spring to fall. 
7. Berlandiera lyràta Benth. Plants commonly tufted, pale cinereous-pubescent. 
Stems 1-4 dm. tall, striate : leaf-blades narrow in outline, pinnatifid, often lyrate-pinnatifid, 
4-13 em. long, the segments usually toothed : heads long-peduncled, rather showy : 1nvo- 
lucres about 2 em. broad ; bracts canescent, the outer ovate to obovate, the inner much 
longer, broadly cuneate : ligules of the ray-flowers yellow with darker stripes, oblong to 
narrowly cuneate, 1-1.5 cm. long : achenes 5-6 mm. long, obovate, finely strigillose. 
On plains and rocky hills, Arkansas to Texas and Arizona. Spring to fall. 
74. LINDHEIMERA Gray & Engelm. 
Annual caulescent herbs, with pubescent foliage. Leaves alternate below, opposite 
above: blades sinuate-toothed, or some of them entire. Heads conspicuously radiate. 
Involucres double, the outer of 4-5 foliaceous bracts, the inner of 4-5 broader bracts becom- 
ing parchment-like. Receptacle flat, chaffy, the outer bractlets broadened upward, the inner 
narrower. Ray-flowers 4-5, pistillate, fruit-producing, with yellow ligules. Disk-flowers 
perfect, not fruit-producing. Achenes flat, broadened upward, 1-ribbed on each face, not 
coherent with the subtending bracts, winged. Pappus of 3 teeth, 2 of them confluent with 
the achene-wing. 
1. Lindheimera Texana Gray & Engelm. Stems 1-6 dm. tall, hirsute or hispid, 
often branched. Leaves various, the lower ones with spatulate or cuneate-obovate peto 
