CARDUACEAE 1275 
Ligules uniformly yellow (Floridan species). 21. C. Leavenworthii. 
b. Leaf-blades simple and entire: internodes mostly much longer than 
the leaves. 22. C. Lewtonii. 
B. Achenes with fimbriate or dissected winged margins. 
Leaves not rush-like: ligules yellow. 
Blades of the larger leaves of an oblong or lanceolate type. 
Lower leaves shorter or little longer than the internodes. 23. C. angustifolia. 
Lower leaves much longer than the internodes. 
Blades of the basal leaves linear or lanceolate, mostly pointed. 
Leaf-bladessimple and entire: achenes elliptic-oblong, about 
4 mm. long, the wing about one-third as wide as the 
body. 24. C. longifolia. 
Leaf-blades often lobed: achenes narrowly oblong, about 5 
mm. long, the wing as wide as the body. 25. C. falcata. 
Blades of the basal leaves oblong or elliptic, obtuse. 26. C. gladiata. 
Blades of the larger leaves of an ovate type. : 
Leaves opposite: petioles and blades (when young) ciliate-mar- 
gined. 27. C. integrifolia. 
Leaves alternate: margins of the blades and petioles naked. 28. C. helianthoides. 
Leaves rush-like, without proper blades: ligules pink. 29. C. nudata. 
1. Coreopsis lanceolata L. Perennial, glabrous, except the ciliate bases of the 
leaves, Stems erect or ascending, 2-6 dm. tall, round or slightly angled, striate, branched, 
leafly only near the base : leaves opposite ; blades of the lower petioled, spatulate to linear- 
oblanceolate, commonly simple, rarely with one or two small lateral lobes : heads 4-6 cm. 
broad including the rays: outer involucral bracts lanceolate, 6-8 mm. long, the inner 
lance-ovate, about 1 em. long : ligules obovate or cuneate, 3-lobed at the apex, the middle 
lobe notched : achenes orbicular, 2.5-3 mm. long, usually bearing callosities on the inner 
face, the broad wing slightly incurved : pappus a pair of small fimbriolate squamellae. 
In dry soil, Ontario to Florida. Spring and summer.—C. lanceolata glabélla Michx. is a variety with 
very narrow leaves (4-8 mm. wide) all crowded at the base of the short stems. 
2. Coreopsis crassifdlia Ait. Perennial, pubescent throughout. Stems ascending, 
2-4 dm. tall, simple or branched near the base, leafy below, naked above: leaves opposite ; 
blades of the lower ones petioled, simple, entire, obovate-spatulate to oblong, the upper 
sessile, oblong, acute: heads 4-6 cm. broad including the rays: outer involucral bracts 
lance-ovate, 6-8 mm. long, the inner broadly ovate, about 1 cm. long: ligules obovate or 
cuneate, 3-lobed at the apex, the middle lobe notched : achenes orbicular-oblong, 2.5-3 
mm. long, the wing slightly incurved: pappus of small fimbriolate squamellae, often 
wanting at maturity. 
In dry soil, Illinois to Louisiana, east to the Atlantic. Spring and summer. 
3. Coreopsis pubéscens Ell. Perennial, more or less pubescent or hirsute. Stems 
erect, 6-12 dm. tall, usually branched : leaves opposite ; blades various, from oval to ellip- 
tic-lanceolate, either entire or with one or two pairs of small lateral leaflets, the lower 
petioled : heads 4-5 cm. broad including the rays : outer involucral bracts linear-lanceo- 
late, 8-10 mm. long, the inner ovate, about the length of the outer: ligules cuneate, 3- 
lobed at the apex, the middle lobe notched : achenes orbicular, about 3 mm. long; wings 
slightly incurved: pappus of two small fimbriolate squamellae, sometimes wanting at 
maturity. 
In dry woodlands, Virginia and southern Illinois to Florida. Summer and fall. 
4. Coreopsis grandiflóra Hogg. Perennial, glabrous except the ciliate petioles. 
Stems erect or ascending, 3-6 dm. tall, often branched : leaves opposite ; blades of the basal 
and lower stem-leaves petioled, spatulate or lanceolate, entire, or like those of the upper 
leaves, parted or divided into linear or linear-lanceolate segments : heads 4-6 em. broad 
including the rays : outer involucral bracts lanceolate, 6-9 mm. long, the inner ovate, 
slightly longer than the outer : ligules obovate or cuneate, 3-lobed at the apex, the middle 
lobe toothed : achenes orbicular, about 2.5 mm. long; callosities usually conspicuous ; wings 
slightly incurved : pappus a pair of small fimbriolate squamellae, often wanting at maturity. 
In dry soil, Missouri to Georgia, Texas and New Mexico. Spring and summer. 
5. Coreopsis Harveyàna A. Gray. Perennial, glabrous. Stems erect or ascending 
3-6 dm. tall, often branched: leaves opposite; blades pinnately divided into narrowly 
linear (almost filiform) segments: heads 4-5 cm. broad including the rays: outer involu- 
eral bracts linear-lanceolate, about 4 mm. long, the inner ovate, slightly longer than the 
outer : ligules obovate or cuneate, 3-lobed at the apex, the middle lobe toothed : achenes 
orbicular, about 2 mm. long ; callosities usually present ; wing slightly incurved : pappus a 
pair of fimbriolate squamellae. 
In dry soil, western Arkansas, Indian Territory, Oklahoma and Kansas. Summer. 
6. Coreopsis auriculàta L. Perennial, propagating freely by stolons. Stems erect 
or ascending, 2-5 dm. tall, simple or branched, leafy only near the base, pubescent or hir- 
sute, at least below: leaves opposite; blades petioled, from round-oval to elliptic-ovate, 
