18 ‘CXXIIIc. MORACEH (Rendle). 
often curved, with generally thick flat or folded, often very unequal 
cotyledons.—Trees or shrubs, more rarely perennial or annual 
herbs, with a milky juice. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple, 
generally penninerved, in the Artocarpee sometimes palminerved ; 
stipules 2, lateral and persistent or caducous, or axillary, leaving a 
scar encircling the stem. Flowers small, in dense cymes which 
often through union of the axis form heads, discs or hollow receptacles ; 
female flower sometimes solitary. 
Species about 1000, widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions. 
The Bread-fruit tree, Artocarpus incisa, Linn. f. [A. communis, Forst.], is 
according to Welwitsch cultivated in gardens at Freetown, Sierra Leone. 
Engler records it also from Zanzibar, the Cameroons and Loango, where it is 
usually planted in the streets. Welwitsch (cf. Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 
i, 1022) also records A. integrifolia, Linn. f., from the island of St. Thomas, 
where it is “ wild here and there, and cultivated in both the coast and 
mountain regions of the island. . . . The inhabitants call the tree ‘Jaca’ 
or ‘Jacca.’”’ Engler records the same species from Zanzibar and German 
East Africa. The name ‘ Bread-fruit”’ is also applied in Africa to Treculia 
africana. 
Artocarpus differs from Treculia in its usually monecious flowers, and its 
receptacles devoid of an involucre of bracts at the base. The fruits of both 
genera are used as food. 
Tre I. MOREAX.—Stamens reflexed in the bud with reversed anthers, becoming 
elastically exserted with anthers erect in the open flower ; style often obliquely 
inserted, generally 2-fid ; ovule pendulous from the apex or just below the 
apex of the cell, anatropous or amphitropous. Herbs, shrubs or trees with 
leaves folded in the bud ; stipules generally small and not leaving a circular 
scar ; inflorescence various. 
ms *Flowers in dense spicate or capitate inflorescences, the male often catkin- 
ike. 
Sub-tribe i, EomoREm.—Flowers in solitary axillary unisexual spikes ; style 
dividing at the base into a pair of linear-subulate stigmas. Trees. 
Doubtfully native in tropical Africa ... see fonts: 
Sub-tribe ii. BRoussonETIEH.—Flowers in spikes or globose heads; style 
simple, filiform, sometimes with a small second branch. Trees or 
' shrubs, often spiny. : 
Male flowers catkin-like; calyx in female 
flower deeply divided ... 2. CHLOROPHORA. 
Male flowers in dense spherical heads; calyx 
in female flower tubular, 4-lobed ... ... 3, CARDIOGYNE. 
**Male flowers densely crowded on a flattened or concave, generally dorsi- 
ventral receptacle ; female flowers 1 to many on the same receptacle, or distinct 
and solitary. 
Sub-tribe iii. Dorsrente%.—Characters as in the preceding paragraph. 
Inflorescence bisexual (also male in Sloetiopsis). 
Bracts forming a ring round the edge of the 
receptacle. 
Receptacle with several female flowers (rarely 
only one) ; endocarp crustaceous ; plants gene- 
rally herbs, rarely shrubby... te .-. 4. DORSTENIA, 
Receptacle with a solitary central female flower ; 
pericarp thin, membranous ; shrubs or trees ... 5. TRYMATOCOCCUS. 
Bracts orbicular, peltate, subtending the flowers ... 6, SLOETIOPSIS. 
