20 CXXIlIc. MORACEZ (Rendle). [Morus. 
becoming succulent in the fruit. Ovary enclosed within the calyx, 
ovoid or subglobose; ovule solitary, pendulous from the apex of 
the cell; stigmas 2, linear-subulate, borne on a central style or 
sessile. Fruit included in the generally succulent persistent calyx 
forming a syncarp; exocarp more or less succulent; endocarp 
crustaceous. Seed with a thin membranous testa ; embryo curved 
in the thick fleshy albumen; cotyledons oblong, equal; radicle 
ascending.—Trees or shrubs with a thick milky juice. Leaves 
petioled, alternate, entire or lobed ; stipules lateral, small, caducous. 
Flowers in solitary axillary unisexual spikes; male catkin-like ; 
female (in African species) short, densely flowered. 
Species 6 or 7, in the warm temperate regions of the northern hemisphere 
and elevated regions in the tropics. Doubtfully native in tropical Africa. 
Leaves ovate or cordate, not 3-nerved : 
Leaves shortly acuminate ; stigmas sessile ... -. lL. M. nigra. © 
Leaves caudate-acuminate; stigmas borne on an : 
evident style ... 53 sys vie ses .-. 2. M. indica. 
Leaves more or less elliptic sis ve os, ... 3. M. mesozygia. 
1. M. nigra, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 986. A tree of moderate height 
with much-branched spreading crown; branchlets terete, reddish- 
brown, pubescent when young. Leaves petioled, broadly cordate 
(rarely lobed), shortly acuminate, base subequal, margin somewhat 
unequally serrate-dentate, 34-54 in. long, 23-33 in. wide, firm, 
upper surface deep green and scabrous, paler and sparsely pubescent 
beneath ; lateral nerves 4—5 on each side, somewhat raised beneath, 
ascending ; petiole slender, almost terete, pubescent, 1-14 in. long. 
Male and female flowers on distinct branches, sometimes dicecious. 
Male inflorescence cylindrical, 3-14 in. long; female shortly 
ellipsoidal, $-} in. long. Male flowers: sepals 4, broadly elliptic, 
concave, woolly on the back, 1 lin. long; stamens slightly ex- 
ceeding the sepals. Female flowers: sepals woolly at the apex; 
stigmas sessile, densely hairy, 1-14 lin. long; syncarp deep purple, 
about # in. long, very succulent.—Bureau in DC. Prodr. xvi. 238 ; 
Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, 269; Engl. Monogr. Morac. Afr. 3; Hiern in 
Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 1027. 
Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes ; cultivated in gardens at Cavalheiros, 
Welwitsch, 1652 ! 
Leaves somewhat smoother than usual. The black mulberry. Supposed to 
be a native of North Persia. Widely cultivated. 
2. M. indica, Linn. Sp. Pl: ed. i. 986. A shrub or small tree; 
branchlets terete, greyish to brown, puberulous when young, other- 
wise glabrous. Leaves petioled, ovate, sometimes lobed, caudate- 
acuminate, base retuse to shallowly cordate, margin serrate, teeth 
shortly apiculate, 14-5 in. long, 1-3 in. wide, membranous, 
upper surface deep green and scabrous, paler and sparsely puberu- 
lous on the nerves beneath ; lateral nerves 3, sometimes 4—5 on each 
