Ceratophyllum.] Cxxvit. CERATOPHYLLEm (Skan). 827 
4 
sometimes up to 8 ft. long. Leaves in whorls of 5-12, 1-3 times 
usually twice dichotomously divided, often about 1 in. long; seg- 
ments linear to filiform, entire or more or less remotely spinulose- 
serrulate. Perianth-segments oblong, about } lin. long. Fruit 
ovoid or ellipsoid, slightly compressed, about 3 lin. long, smooth 
or sparingly covered with minute tubercles, narrowly or broadly 
winged or wingless, crowned with the long slender often curved 
persistent style and usually bearing 2 recurved subulate or terete 
spines at the base.—Smith & Sowerby, Engl. Bot. xiv. t. 947; DC. 
Prodr. iii. 73 ; Guill. & Perr. Fl. Seneg. Tent. 296 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 
iv. 1202; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 639; K. Schum. in Mart. FI. 
Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. fase. 2, 58; De Wild. Etud. 
Fl. Bas- et Moy. Congo, i. 122, and Miss. KE. Laurent, 82; Th. & Hél. 
Durand, Syll. Fl. Congol. 513; Muschler, Man. Fl. Egypt, i. 363. 
C. demersum, var. oxyacanthum, K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. 
C. 178. C. oxyacanthum, Cham. in Linnea, iv. 504, t. 5, fig. 6b. 
C. cristatum, Guill. & Perr. Fl. Seneg. Tent. 296. C. vulgare, Schleid. 
in Linnea, xi. 540, t. 11; Hook. Niger Fl. 525. Ceratophyllum sp., 
Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 150. 
Upper Guinea. Senegal, (fruiting) Perrottet! Lagos: Cradu Lake, Barter, 
3242 ! 
Nile Land. Eritrea: Asmara, at 7500 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 2108! 
Abyssinia : Begemeder ; Lake Tana, Schimper, 1862! Sudan: Sennar, Kotschy, 
285! White Nile, Petherick! Kana, Schweinfurth, 968! near Gebel Memati, 
(fruiting) Schweinfurth, 1007! Bahr-el-Gebel, Broun, 47! mouth of the 
Bahr-el-Gebel, Schweinfurth, 1128! Sobat River, Muriel, 53 ! Bahr-el-Ghazal, 
(fruiting) Schweinfurth, 1140! above the mouth of the Jur River, (fruiting) 
Schweinfurth, 1229! Uganda: Unyoro, Speke & Grant! : 
Lower Guinea, Angola: Barra do Dande ; in pools at the River Dande, 
Welwitsch, 524! Barra do Bengo; Lagoa de Quifandongo, at the mouth of 
the River Bengo, Welwitsch, 525. Icolo e Bengo; Lagoa de Quilunda, Wel- 
witsch, 5246! Pungo Andongo; in the River Cuije and near Sansamanda on 
the Cuanza, (fruiting) Welwitsch, 526! Mossamedes ; in the fazenda “ Boa 
Vista,” (fruiting) Gossweiler, 55! Lower Congo: Kimuenza, Gillet ; Stanley 
Pool, Luja. Damaraland: Kilevi near Kunene, Schinz, 11! 
South Central. Belgian Congo: Sankuru River; Bolombo and Isaka, 
Laurent. : 
Mozamb. Distr. German East Africa: Usambara; Masheua, Holst, 3492! 
Portuguese East Africa : Luabo River, Kirk! Nyasaland : Lower Shire River, 
Kirk! Scott! Lake Nyasa, Laws! Shire Highlands, near Blantyre, (fruiting) 
Last! 
Almost cosmopolitan. 
In the work cited K. Schumann (p. 748) refers to C. demersum, var. apicu- 
latum, Garcke, as being found in East Tropical Africa, but he neither gives any 
information as to localities nor cites specimens. According to his description 
the fruits in this variety are sometimes quite unarmed at the base, or they may 
be furnished with two tubercles, or with short curved or straight appendages. 
