Calamus. | CXLVII. PALMZ (WRIGHT). 109 
bose ; stigmas 3, long. Female flower enclosed in a bracteole together 
with a male or neuter flower, yellow. Calyx and corolla as in the 
male. Staminodes 6. Ovary oblong; stigmas 3, shortly recurved, tri- 
angular. Fruit ovoid, attenuate at the apex, 7-8 lin. long, 4 lin. diam.; 
scales in 19-21 rows, rather convex, marked with a shallow median 
furrow, shining, margin membranous, erose, brown. Seed 4-5 lin. 
long, oblong-ellipsoid, slightly compressed, rugulose; chalaza dorsal, 
incrassate ; albumen horny ; embryo basal, erect, close to the hilum.— 
Drude in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 111; Cummins in Kew Bulletin, 1898, 80. 
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Bagru River, Mann, 895! Cameroons : 
Cameroon River, Mann, 2147! Gold Coast: Kibbi, in Akim district, Johnson, 242! 
Ashanti, Cummins, 128! 
2. C. niger, Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 203. A palm armed with many long 
subulate dark brown spines. Leaves remote; petiole semiterete, 1 in. 
thick, beset with many short spines; sheath covered with subulate. 
spines ; leaflets many, linear-lanceolate, very acuminate, 15 in. long, 4 in. 
wide, 3-nerved, midrib prominent, margins setigerous; rhachis cirrhi- 
ferous above, furnished with uncinate spines. Spadices near the apex 
of the stem, nodding, paniculately branched; peduncle long. Fruit 
globose, nearly 1 in. diam., with a short mucro on the obtuse apex; 
scales reddish when ripe.—J. Braun & K. Schum. in Mitth. Deutsch.. 
Schutzgeb. ii. (1889) 147. Demonorops niger, Blume, Rumphia, iii. 5. 
Deemonorops melanochetes, Mart. Palm. iii. 203, partly; Kunth, Enum. 
iii, 202. 
Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Braun. 
Also in the Malayan Archipelago. 
3. C. Barteri, Becc. ex Drude in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 134. Stem 
30-50 ft. long, about the thickness of the finger. Rhachis of leaf not. 
produced into a cirrhus ; leaflets lanceolate-oblong ; margins, midrib on 
both surfaces and secondary nerves on the under surface only beset with 
fine pungent hairs 1 lin. long. Ultimate branches of the spadix disti- 
chous, compressed, 9-14 lin. apart, 23-3} in. long, each bearing 30-40: 
flowers distichously arranged; bracteoles of the male flowers half as long 
as the flowers, with two wing-like keels. Calyx 2-} as long as the 
corolla. Corolla narrowed at the base intoa short pedicel. Stamens 6, 
nearly as long as the corolla ; anthers versatile, fixed at their centre to 
the three-sided subulate filaments. Kudiment of ovary shortly trifid, 
scarcely as long as the filaments. Fruit 6 lin. long, 4—5 lin. in. diam.,. 
acuminate ; scales in about 20 rows, rhomboid, darker and slightly fim- 
briate at the margins. 
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Musaia, in marshy ground, climbing, Scott- 
Elliot, 5121! Kambia, Scott-Elliot, 4738, and without precise locality, Scott-Hiliot,. 
4460 (ex Drude). Niger Territory : Lower Niger; Onitsa, Barter, 110! 
In Barter’s specimen a cirrhns nearly 2 ft. long, bearing numerous recurved 
spines, springs from within one of the leaf-sheaths. ‘Stem much used in the lower 
part of the river [Niger],” Barter. ‘Used for making rope. Native name ‘ Tembi,’” 
Scott-Elliot. 
