Cocos. | CXLVII, PALMA (WRIGHT). 127 
thick, spongy, and with longitudinal fibres; endocarp bony, 3-4 
lin. thick, adnate to the fibres of the mesocarp, dark brown, with 3. 
ridges connate at the apex; pores 3, basal. Seed ovoid, hollow, when. 
young filled with a milky fluid; albumen rather hard, white; embryo 
oblong, slightly attenuate below the middle.—Mart. Palm. ii. 123, 
tt. 62, 75, and 88, figs. 3-6, and in Miinch. gel. Anzeig. 1838, 639,. 
1839, 45; Kunth, Enum. iii. 285; Kirk in Journ. Linn. Soe. ix. 231; 
Grant in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 187; Henriques in Bolet. Soc. Brot. 
v. 206, 218; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. B. 3, C. 131; Beccari in Malpighia, 
i, 441; J. Braun in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii. (1889), 147 ;. 
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. App. ii. 52; Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 
vi. 482; Drude in Engl. Jahrb. xxi. 112; Durand & Schinz, Etudes. 
Fl. Congo, i. 274; Rendle in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. ii. 84. 
Upper Guinea. Senegal: St. Louis, Brunner! Gambia and Cape Verde, 
Brunner ! 
Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, ex Henriques. Lower Congo. at 
Boma, Dupuis ; and at other points, Laurent, Angola: Loando; Ilha de Loando,. 
Welwitsch, 6661 ! 
Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar: very abundant, ex Speke & Grant. German 
Kast Africa: a few on the coast, ex Speke & Grant. Portuguese East Africa: a 
few trees above Tete on the left bank of the Zambesi, ex Kirk. 
Also in Tropical Asia and Polynesia. 
The cocoa-nut. Native name in the Island of St. Thomas, Coqueiro. 
Orper CXLVIIL. PANDANEA, (By C. H. Wright.) 
Flowers unisexual. Perianth none or (in Sararanga) rudimentary. 
Male flowers: Stamens usually many, hypogynous or spicate or um- 
bellate on the axis; filaments filiform, short or long; anthers 2-celled, 
dehiscing longitudinally. Female flowers: Ovary 1- to many-celled ; 
stigmas as many as the cells of the ovary, erect or more or less adpressed 
to the top of the ovary, usually sessile; ovules solitary and laterally 
fixed, or numerous on parietal placentas. Fruit drupaceous or baccate, 
1- to many-celled; mesocarp fibrous or succulent ; endocarp often long. 
Seeds with thin testa in the drupes, crustaceous in the berries ; embryo. 
basal.—Shrubs or trees. Stem simple or branched, often supported on 
thick adventitious roots. Leaves narrow, often imbricate in spirals, 
sheathing at the base. Inflorescence spicate, capitate, or paniculate, 
unisexual, rarely polygamo-diecious; flowers usually sessile and 
crowded ; bracts spathe-like. 
Genera 3; species about 220, widely spread through the Mascarene Islands, 
Tropical Asia, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia, and extending outside the tropics in 
India and Australia. 
1. PANDANUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. iii. 949. 
Flowers unisexual. Perianth none. Stamens many, spicate on the 
axis of the inflorescence, or umbellate, fascicled or racemose on the floral 
axis; anthers linear or oblong, basifixed, erect, sometimes apiculate 
