134 CXLIX, TYPHACEE (BROWN). 
Concerning the affinities of this family, see Celakovsky in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1891, 
117, 154, 195, 224, and 266 ; also Graebner in Engler, Pflanzenreich, Typhacee. 
1. TYPHA, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ili. 955. 
Flowers densely crowded into simple cylindric spikes; the male 
spike terminal and separated from the female spike or contiguous to 1t. 
Male flowers irregularly intermingled with variously shaped scales or 
slender, clavate, curved filaments. Stamens with their filaments 
variously connate; anthers linear, basifixed, 2-celled, connective pro- 
duced beyond the cells; pollen simple or compound. Female flowers 
ebracteolate or mingled with slender clavate or spathulate bracteoles, 
and often with abortive clavate female flowers (carpodia) mixed with 
them. Perianth composed of several very fine simple or clavate’ hairs. 
Ovary superior, stalked, at least after fertilization, narrow, 1-celled, 
with a solitary pendulous ovule; style elongated, slender, erect; 
stigma linear or lanceolate. Fruit minute, stalked, ellipsoid or sub- 
cylindric, with a thin membranous pericarp. Seed subcylindric or 
narrowly ellipsoid, albuminous ; testa thin; embryo axile.—Aquatie or 
marsh herbs with creeping rhizomes and erect stems. Leaves alter- 
nate, linear or strap-shaped, parallel-veined. Flowering-stem erect, 
simple, terminated by the dense cylindric superposed unisexual flower- 
spikes. Bracts none, or linear and deciduous or caducous. 
Species about 18, but probably some are only varietal forms, widely distributed. 
Female flowers with bracteoles (see also 7’, capensis). 
Stigma linear. 
Bracteoles much longer than the hairs : . 1. ZT. angustata. 
Bracteoles about as long as the hairs or but slightly 
exceeding them. 
Bracteoles obovate-, obcordate-, or orbicular- 
spathulate < ‘ 2. T. angustifolia. 
Bracteoles lanceolate-spathulate 3. ZT. australis. 
Stigma lanceolate . ‘ 4. T. Schimpert. 
Female flowers without bracteoles ; stigma lanceolate. 
Bracteoles of male flowers simple, linear, acute, 
whitish ; pollen compound ° . 5 
Bracteoles of male flowers forked or toothed, 
brownish ; pollen simple é 
5. T. latifolia. 
6. T. capensis, 
1. T. angustata, Bory d Chaub. Exped. Sc. de Morée, iii. pt. 2, 
338. Plant 5-9 ft. high. Leaves 2-5 lin. broad, convex on the back 
at the base. Male and female spikes subequal or the male longer; 
4-1 in. distant, very rarely contiguous. Male flowers with bracteoles 
varying from filiform to narrow lanceolate-spathulate, entire or toothed, 
acute, light brown; pollen simple. Female flowers bracteolate ; brac- 
teoles much longer than the hairs, lanceolate-spathulate or elliptic 
spathulate, acute; stigmas linear, a little longer than tne bracteoles ; 
hairs simple.—Rohrb. in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xi. 87-89 
incl. vars. leptocarpa, Rohrb. & ethiopica, Rohrb.; Kronfeld in Ver- 
