ZannicheWia. | CLIII. NAIADACEZ (BENNETT). . 225 
short; stigma peltate, crenate. Fruit of 4 (rarely less or more) long, 
incurved achenes. Seeds pendulous, cotyledonary end folded on itself. 
—Slender submerged fresh, brackish, or salt water plants. Leaves 
mostly opposite, linear or capillary, with stipular sheaths. Flowers 
small, in pairs or solitary, in a membranous perianth. 
Species 4-6? Temperate and Tropical regions. 
1, Z. palustris, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 969. Fruit sessile, or subsessile; 
bract about half as long as the rest of the fruit.—A. Bennett in Dyer, 
Fl. Cap. vii. 50. 
Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; Kilevi, Schinz, 
12! 
Also in North and South Africa, and Madagascar. 
6. ZOSTERA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 1017. 
Male flowers of single sessile anthers. Female flower of a solitary 
l-ovuled carpel ; style persistent; stigmas 2. Fruit membranous. 
Embryo grooved.—Submerged marine plants with dark ribbon-like 
leaves. Rootstocks matted, creeping. Stem compressed. Leaves 
sheathing, long, linear ; stipules adnate to the sheathing leaf-base. 
Flowers in series of anthers and carpels on one surface of a linear 
Spadix, enclosed in a leaf-like spathe. 
Species 4. Coasts of Europe, Asia, and America. 
1. Z. nana, Roth, Enum. Pl. Germ.i. 8. Leaves narrowly linear, 
1-3-nerved. Peduncle of spathe filiform ; spadix strap-shaped oblong, 
with small inflexed bands. Fruit shorter than in Z. marina, and 
nearly smooth.—A. Bennett in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vii. 51. 2. minor, 
Nolte ex Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. vii. 2. Z. pumila, Le Gall, Congr. 
Se. Fr. xvi. i.144. Halodule (?) Wrightii, Aschers. in Sitz. Ges. Naturf. 
Fr. Berl. 1868, 19, and in Anleit. z. Wissenschaft. Beobacht. 1888, 
201 (ex Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 502). 
Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambriz ; plentiful near the mouth of the River 
Loje, near Ambriz, Welwitsch, 2468! Loanda; plentiful all along the shore, 
Welwitsch, 246! 
Also in Madagascar, North and South Africa, Atlantic Ocean, Black and Caspian 
Seas, 
I have seen no specimens of Zostera marina, Linn., from Tropical Africa ; but it 
occurs in North and South Africa. 
7. NAIAS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. iii. 1018. 
Male flower solitary. Anther 1—4-celled in 2 sheaths or tubes. 
Female flower: Perianth 0, or membranous and adherent. Carpel 1; 
Stigmas 2-4, slender; ovule erect. Achene oblong. Seed erect; 
embryo straight.—Submerged plants with branched filiform smooth or 
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