274 CLVI. CYPERACE (CLARKE). | Kyllinga. 
8. K. erecta, Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 42. Rhizome 
creeping, sometimes 4-8 in. long, ;/,—} in. in diam., with distant stems ; 
sometimes only 1-3 in. long, thicker, with contiguous (often uniseriate) 
stems. Leaves often } the length of the stem, } in. broad. Head of 
1 spike, }-} in. in diam., ovoid, dense, very commonly (especially 
when young) showing a golden tinge ; bracts 3-4, lowest 1-3 in. long, 
similar to the leaves, patent. Spikelets 1-1 in. long, each perfecting 
1 nut. Nut-bearing glume without a wing, usually not scabrous on 
the keel. Nut 4 the length of glume, ellipsoid, yellow-brown finally 
nearly black.—C. B. Clarke in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 
528, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vii. 152; K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost- 
Afr. ©. 123; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 278; Rendle in 
Cat. Afr. Pl, Welw. ii. 105. KX. awrata, Nees in Linnea, x. 139 (excl. 
Nees’ citation of himself in Linnea, vii. 512), ? Nees in Linnea, ix. 286 ; 
Kunth, Enum. ii. 137 partly ; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. 422, excl. var. y; 
Ridley in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 146; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. 
Trop. Afr. 146; K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 123; Volk. Kili- 
mand. 285. K. consanguinea, Kunth, Enum. ii. 135. K. polyphylla, 
Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 552 mainly, not of Willd. 4K. monocephala, 
Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 552 mainly, not of Rottb. K. Sqjauan, 
Boeck. in Flora, 1879, 515. 
Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Falaba, Scott-Elliot, 51873 ! Liberia: Bassa 
Cove, Ansell! Gold Coast : Cape Coast Castle, Don! Guinea, Thonning ! Niger 
Territory : Nupe, Barter, 1589! 
Wile Land. British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2033! 
Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7561! Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, 
Taylor! 
Lower Guinea. Loango: Chinchocho, Soyaux, 175! Mouth of the Congo, 
Smith ! Duchesne, 185! Lower Congo, Hens, 59,134! Angola: Pungo Andong®; 
3500 ft., around Lagoa de Quibinda, Welwitsch, 6800! in damp thickets near 
Luxillo, Welwitsch, 6808! Huilla; near Lopollo, 5000 ft., Welwitsch, 6809! in 
meadows by the River Cacolobar, Welwitsch, 6810! Loando, 800 ft. ; around ponds 
near Repressa de Luiz Gomes, Welwitsch, 6797! 6999! Dande ; by Lake Bombo, 
Welwitsch, 6799! Benguella ; by the River Caculovar, Newton, 3! 
South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; by the Kibali River, 
Schweinfurth, 3541 ! 
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; at Marangu, 4900 ft., 
Volkens, 239! 1396! 2102! Karagwe; Bukoba, Stuhlmann, 3304! Unyamwedl; 
Uyui, Taylor! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Zomba, 2500-6000 ft., 
Whyte! near Nsessi River, Scott ! 
Abundant also in South Africa and the Mascarene Islands. 
Any example in which the head has a golden tinge has been usually referred to 
this species, but it is not a safe character, and the Indian plant referred here 
by Boeckler is K. brevifolia. 
9. K. sphzrocephala, Boeck. in Flora, 1875, 258. ahi 
creeping, hardly ;4;in.indiam. Stems 1 ft. long, slender, not thickene 
at the base by sheaths. Leaves }-2 the length of the stem, ~o—$ ™- 
broad. Head of 1 spike, } in. in diam., globose, dense, pale cinnamon 
colour; bracts 2—3, lowest 2 in. long, 5/5 in. broad, patent. Spikelets 
