308 CLVI. CYPERACE& (CLARKE). [ Juncellus. 
Upper Guinea. Senegal: Heudelot, 313! Upper Senegal, Lécard, 224! 
Togo, Kling, 213! Niger Territory: Nupe, Barter, 1563! Baikie ! 
Wile Land. Soudan, Lécard, 133! British East Africa : Jur; Jur Ghattas, 
Schweinfurth, 2081 ! 1939 partly ! 
Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; marshes between the Presidium 
and Quilanga, and on the banks of the River Casalale, Welwitsch, 6918! 7156! 
South Central. Congo Free State: Lulua River, Pogge, 1569! 1584! by the 
Kasai River, Duchesne, 217! 
This species has differentiated itself into Juncellus, but has not broken its 
connection with Cyperus entirely yet. 
3. J. pygmeeus, (. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 596. 
Annual. Stems 1~10 in. long, usually in dense large tufts. Leaves 
often longer than the stem, ;!,—+ in. broad, flaccid, green. Inflorescence 
a dense compound head of very many (often 100) spikelets ; bracts 3-8, 
dilated at the base, lowest up to 3-6 in. long, similar to the leaves. 
Spikelets + by 51, in., compressed, green to pale brown, 8—24-flowered ; 
rhachilla persistent, often curved or twisted. Glumes close-packed ; nut- 
bearing glumes distichous, boat-shaped, regularly deciduous beginning 
from the lowest. Style with 2 linear branches. Nut 4-3} the length 
~€ the glume, ellipsoid, plano-convex, brown, smooth.—C. B. Clarke 
2 Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 546. Cyperus pygmeus, 
Rottb. Deser. et Ic. 20, t. 14, figs. 4-5; Kunth, Enum. ii. 18; Coss. & 
Durieu, Expl. Se. Algér. Glum. 252; Schweinf. P]. Nilot. 41, and Beitr. 
Fl. Aethiop. 215; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. 493 (excl. var. 3), and in 
Flora, 1879, 548; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 282, and xx? 
28-30, 81, t. 2, figs. 10-10a, incl. var. 8; Aschers. & Schweinf. Tli. Fi. 
Egypte, 156. C. michelianus, Delile, Fl. Augypt. Tllustr. 50. Isoleprs 
micheliana, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 553. Dichostylis pygme4, Nees 
in Linnea, ix. 289. Pycreus pygmeus, Nees in Linnea, ix. 283. 
Upper Guinea. Senegal, Zelievre! Galam, Heudelot, 387. 
Nile Land. Near Khartoum, Petherick! Tutti Island, near Khartoum, 
Kotschy, 329! banks of the Nile between Old Dongola and Messaurat, Bromfield ! 
at the 6th Cataract, Schweinfurth, 488! White Nile, Schweinfurth, 620! 852! 
Kordofan, Pfund, 482! 609! Sennar, Hartmann, 757! 
Also in North Africa and the Orient, India, China, Amurland, Malaya, 
and Australia. 
4, J. levigatus, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 59- 
Rhizome woody, creeping horizontally, long and with solitary distant 
stems or short and with crowded stems, their bases enclosed by 
imbricate shining chestnut-red scales. Stems 6—24 in. long, roundish, 
somewhat fleshy. Leaves usually short or scarcely any, sometimes 
exceeding the stem, ,1,-} in. broad, the upper part terete-trigonous- 
Spikelets 1-30, in one apparently lateral head, straw-coloured ; bracts 
2, lower as though a continuation of the stem 1-3 in. long, similar to 
the leaves (when those are developed) ; spikelets 4 by } in., compresse®: 
but thick, with parallel sides, 12-24-flowered. Glumes close-packed, 
broad-elliptic, obtuse, rounded on the back, the nut-bearing ones falling 
seriatim from the base of the persistent rhachilla. Style with 2 linear 
branches. Nut }-2 the length of the glume, obovoid, plano-conve™ 
