316 CLVI. CYPERACEH (CLARKE). | Cyperus. 
Spikelets hard; margins of the glumes not 
incurved. 
Spikes all sessile . : : : : - 109. C. radiatus. 
Spikes (some of them) pednncled . : - 110. C. exaltatus. 
Spikelets loose ; margins of the glumes in- 
curved . : : c : : - lll. C. Pethericki. 
Spikelets narrow-linear, nearly terete. Wings of 
rhachilla yellow, early deciduous. 
Stem at the top moderately trigonous; umbel very 
large. 
Umbel rays 51,-;); in. in thickness. : . 118. C. digitatus. 
Umbel rays 1—} in. in thickness 3 : - 114. C. grandis. 
Stem at the top acutely triquetrons ; umbel not 
very large . : . . : : - 115. C. auricomus. 
§xviii. Papyrxz,—Tall. Flowering stem leafless. Umbel large with innumerable 
rays. Plant 8-16 ft. high  . : : 4 : - 116. C. Papyrus. 
1. ©, nudicaulis, Poir. in Lam. Encycl. vii. 240. Glabrous, 
floating. Rhizome long, } in. in diam. Stems tufted, 1-2} ft. long, 
at the top ;'. in. in diam., round trigonous. Leaves 0); leaf-sheaths 
pale-brown or reddish, the uppermost produced on one side 0-4 in. but 
hardly green. Head 1, of 1-12 sessile spikelets; bracts 1-3, lowest 
often suberect, shorter than the head, as though a continuation of the 
stem. Spikelets 3-1 by 4! in. (rarely up to i in. broad), much 
flattened, 30-40-flowered, sometimes 70-flowered, pallid or reddish. 
Glumes very closely packed, ovate, boat-shaped, apiculate, 3—5-nerved, 
sometimes scabrous on the upper part cf the keel, falling seriatim from 
the lowest fertile glume; rhachilla persistent. Stamens 3; filaments 
broad ; anther-cells thick, muticous. Style long, linear ; branches 3, 
linear, very short. Nut 2 the length of glume, ovoid, flattened, long 
acuminate ; base of the nut, especially the margins, corky thickened.— 
Kunth, Enum. ii. 48; Ridley in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 133, 
and in Journ. Bot. 1884, 16, in Obs. ; C. B. Clarke in Durand & Schinz, 
Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 570; K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 118; 
Urban, Symb. Antill. ii. 23; Rendle in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. ii. 112 ; 
cfr. Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 1044. OC. pectinatus, Vahl, Enum. 
ii. 298; Kunth, Enum. ii. 107, Atomostylis cyperiformis, and A. fla- 
vescens, Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. 315. Anosporum nudicaule, Boeck. 
in Linnea, xxxvi. 411, and in Flora, 1879, 561. 
Upper Guinea. Senegambia : Ndanout, Dollinger, 41! Cameroons: Yaunde, 
Zenker gf Staudt, 332! Cape Verd, Perrottet ! Niger Territcry: Nupe; on the 
murgius of lakes, Barter, 1568 ! 
Nile Land. White Nile, Schweinfurth, 1117! Gazelle River, Schweinfurth, 
1146! 1157! 
Lower Guinea. Congo Free State: Kisantu on the Inkissi River, Gillet, 
1248! 1558! and without precise locality, Dewévre, 253! Angola: Dande ; by the 
Dande River, Welwitsch, 7028! 
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Karagwe ; Bakoba, Stuhlmann, 1163 ! 
and without precise locality, Fischer, 638! British Central Africa : Nyasaland 5 
marshes near the River Shire, Kirk ! 
Also in Madagascar and Martinique. 
