370 CLVI. CYPERACEZ (CLARKE). | Cyperus. 
ashy-black. Style } the length of the nut; branches 3, linear, small. 
—Kunth, Enum. ii. 71; Boeck. in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 542, 
in Linnea, xxxvi. 317, and in Flora, 1879, 555; Schweinf. Pl. Nilot. 
41, and Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 215; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. 
Ind. vi. 617, and in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 5733 
Ridley in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 142; K. Schum. in Engl. 
Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 121; Durand & Schinz, Etudes FI. Congo, i. 292; 
Urban, Symb. Antill. ii. 23, 35; Rendle in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. u. 
119. C. biceps, Vahl, Enum. ii. 368. C. semidives, Steud. Syn. PI. 
Glum. ii. 36. 
Upper Guinea. Senegal, Sieber / Leliévre/ Senegambia, Heudelot, 522! 
Galam, Heudelot, 211! Gambia, Mungo Park! Niger Territory: River Niger, 
Baikie! Nupe, Barter, 1127! Lukuja, at the Confluence of the Niger and Benue 
Rivers, Dalton! Bornu, Oudney, 6! Cameroons, Buchholz ! 
Wile Land. Nubia: Dongola, Zhrenberg/ Ethiopia, Kotschy, 416! Sennar, 
Kotschy, 213! Hartmann! British East Africa: White Nile; Petherick ! Bongo; 
Addai, Schweinfurth, 1428! Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1579! Wau River, 
Schweinfurth, 1631! 
Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: among the rocks of the rapids of Ntamo, 
Stanley Pool, Hens, B, 11! La, 68! and without precise locality, Smith / Angola: 
Icolo e Bengo; banks of a lake near Folo, Welwitsch, 7030! Barra do Dande; by 
a lake near Bombo, Welwitsch, 7036! 
South Central. Congo Free State: Lusambo, Duchesne, 19! Monbuttu ; 
Kibali River, Schweinfurth, 3571! 
Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Peters, 8! Lower 
Zambesi, Stewart, Expedition Island, Kirk / British Central Africa: Nyasaland; 
Elephant marsh in the Shire Valley, below Mbewe, Scott/ Umbaku River, Scott / 
Widely diffused in Madagascar, South-east Asia and Tropical America. 
110. C. exaltatus, Retz. Obs. v.11. Stems often 3-4 ft. high. 
Spikes (some of them) peduncled. Spikelets rather larger, 1n longer 
spikes, less crowded (but see var. dives), more strongly coloured, often 
yellowish or reddish ; otherwise as C’. radiatus, Vahl.—Kunth, Enum. 
li. 70; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 551; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. 319 
C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl, Brit. Ind. vi. 617, and in Durand & 
Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 560; K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 
121. ©. racemosus, Boeck. in Flora, 1879, 555, not of Boeck. m 
Linnea, xxxvi. 310, CO. ornithopioides, Zarb in Cat. Spéc. Bot. Pfund, 
-O9. 
Wile Land. Kordofan: Sagattur, Pfund, 228! 611! British East gree: 
Jur; Kurshook Ali’s Seriba, Schweinfurth, 1764! Ribe, near Mombasa, Wake- 
Sield { 
Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Don / 
Abundant. in South-east Asia and Australia. Also in the Mascarene Islands, 
Mexico and Brazil. f 
This species is hardly distinguishable from well-developed examples . 
C. radiatus, The line is drawn here by defining C, radiatus as having alt the 
spikes sessile. ae 
Var. dives, C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn, Soc. xxi, 187. Umbel rigid. SP rig 
rigid, dense. Ripe spikelets divaricate or reflexed, hard, often shining and yellowish. 
