408 CLVI. CYPERACE® (CLARKE). { Eleocharis. 
pallid.—Kunth, Enum. ii. 150, excl. several syns.; Benth. in 
Hook. Niger FI. 553; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 627; 
and in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 597, incl. var. £; 
‘Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 299; Urban, Symb. Antill. ii. 
66. EH. setacea, R. Br. Prodr. 225, not the homonymous sp. 224; 
Kunth, Enum. ii. 156. Seirpus capitatus, Linn. berb. partly ; Vahl, 
Enum. ii. 250. Heleocharis capitata, Boeck in Linnea, xxxvi. 461; 
K.Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 124. 
Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger! Heudelot, 549! Perrottet, 198! 828! 
830! Sierra Leone : Bagru River, Mann, 891! Liberia: Cape Palmas, Vogel, 7! 
Wile Zand. Sonfaliland, Revoil, 137! 
Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Smith! 
Also in Arabia, India, China, Malaya, Australia, Polynesia, and throughout 
America. f 
The hypogynous bristles, when reduced to a small 6-toothed cup, were called by 
Nees a disc. Kunth supposed that by “disc” Nees understood the obpyramidal ae 
(or several-) toothed gynophore of Scleria and of many species of Fimbristylis. 
But the two discs are not homologous: the stamens are entirely within the “disc 
of Eleocharis, entirely without the cise of Fimbristylis. 
6. E. palustris, 2. Br. Prodr, 224, in note. Glabrous, Rhizome 
creeping. Stems 4-20 in. long. Spikelet 4-2 by +4 in., subcylindric, 
dense, chestnut to dusky straw-colour. Glumes elliptic, obtuse. 
Hypogynous bristles 6, retrorse-scabrous, slightly longer than the nut, 
ferruginous-brown, but variable in number, often 4, more or less 
depauperated, occasionally 0. Stamens normally 3. Style- branches 2. 
Nut } the length of the glume, obovoid, biconvex, yellowish to brown; 
style-base ovoid or conic with a constriction (neck) above the nut, pallid 
or dusky or red-spotted_—Kunth, Enum. ii. 147; C. B. Clarke in 
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 628, in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. 
‘v. 600, and in Dyer, FI. Cap. vii. 198; Rendle in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 
ii. 121. Scirpus palustris, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 70 partly ; Desf. Fi. 
Atlant.i. 47. Heleocharis palustris, Lindl. Syn. Brit. Fl. 280; Webb& 
Berth. Iles Canaries Phyt. iii. 365; Coss. & Durieu, Expl. Scient. 
Algér. Glum. 238 ; Boeck in Linnea, xxxvi. 466 excl. all with 3 style- 
branches ; J. Ballin Journ, Linn. Soc. xvi. 702; Ridley in Trans. Linn. 
Soc. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 149 ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 149 partly. 
Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; damp sandy places by the river in the 
Lopollo District, Welwitsch, 6969 ! 
Almost throughout the world, 2s abundant as widespread; I have seen nO 
example from Australia or from Brazil. 
7. E. cheetaria, Roem. d: Schultes, Syst. Veg. ii. 154, Mant. 90, 540. 
Glabrous. Roots tibrous, rarely with a white filiform rhizome 1 in. aa 
Stems 1-6 in. long, tufted. Spikelets 4-4 in. long, ovoid, pallid or red- 
‘tinged, maturing 1-5 nuts, sometimes proliferous at the base, 1. stem 
with 2 spikelets. Lower nut-bearing glumes in 2-3 spirals, or 
shaped, hardly acute. Hypogynous bristles 6, as long as the nut, 
